生态科学2025，Vol.44Issue(5)：142-151,10.DOI:10.14108/j.cnki.1008-8873.2025.05.014
四指马鲅(Eleutheronema tetradactylum)池塘养殖系统氮磷收支及养殖效益分析
Analysis of nitrogen and phosphorus budget,aquacultural cost,and profit in Elentheronema tetradactylum breeding pond
摘要
Abstract
The researchers investigated the input and output fluxes of various nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)compounds to characterize the N and P balance in the Elentheronema tetradactylum farming system.During the study,the concentrations of N and P were measured in water,fish and diet samples.Throughout the experiment,the highest concentration of ammonia nitrogen(NH4+-N)in the water of E.tetradactylum farming pond was observed in March,reaching 0.39 mg·L-1.In May,the concentrations of nitrate nitrogen(NO3--N)and total nitrogen(TN)peaked at 11.53 mg·L-1 and 13.06 mg·L-1,respectively.After the dismantling of the winter greenhouse,the concentrations of NO3--N and TN in the pond water decreased to 5.04 mg·L-1 and 6.45 mg·L-1,respectively,indicating a statistically significant downward trend.In contrast,the nitrite nitrogen(NO2--N)concentrationcontinued to increase,reaching a maximum value of 0.59 mg·L-1 at the end of the experiment.The concentrations of particulate organic matter(POM)and chemical oxygen demand(COD)in the water showed an increasing trend during the farming period,with average values of 0.17 g·L-1 and 4.88 mg·L-1,respectively.Regarding nutrient inputs,feed and inflow-water were identified as the primary sources of N and P in the E.tetradactylum farming pond system.Throughout the experiment,N and P input from the diet accounted for 95.97%and 96.71%of the total inputs,respectively.Sediment accumulation,fish harvest,and pond water constituted the main pathways of N and P output.Specifically,sediment accounted for 66.06%and 66.73%of the total N and P outputs,respectively,while fish harvest accounted for 20.80%and 23.98%,respectively.The relative utilization efficiencies of N and P for fish growth were 24.77%and 21.63%,respectively.In terms of economic performance,feed cost was the highest during the E.tetradactylum farming process,followed by electricity.The average farming income was ¥451,600·ha-1,with an average cost-profit ratio of 53.64%.This study revealed severe N and P deposition in the E.tetradactylum farming system,which led to poor water quality,low oxygenation efficiency,and high energy consumption.Therefore,it is imperative to strengthen the regulation of pond water quality during the later stages of E.tetradactylum farming.关键词
四指马鲅/水质/氮收支/磷收支/养殖效益Key words
Eleutheronema tetradactylum/water quality/nitrogen budget/phosphorus budget/aquaculture profitability分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
江梁正,区又君,李俊伟,胡瑞萍,李婷,李加儿,黄洪辉,齐占会,冯元泰..四指马鲅(Eleutheronema tetradactylum)池塘养殖系统氮磷收支及养殖效益分析[J].生态科学,2025,44(5):142-151,10.基金项目
广东省省级乡村振兴战略专项资金种业振兴项目(2022-SPY-00-013,2024-SPY-00-012) （2022-SPY-00-013,2024-SPY-00-012）
广东省自然科学基金(2021A1515010744) （2021A1515010744）
中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2023TD15) （2023TD15）
海南省自然科学基金项目(323QN329) （323QN329）
