山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）2025，Vol.45Issue(5)：78-86,9.DOI:10.13842/j.cnki.issn1671-8151.202507032
叶面喷施水溶性硅肥提高蒜苗产量与品质及土壤肥力
Foliar application of water-soluble silicon fertilizer improves garlic seedling yield and quality and im-proves soil fertility
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Garlic is an important economic crop with a long cultivation history in China.However,with the continu-ous expansion of planting scale,traditional garlic cultivation heavily reliant on macronutrient fertilizers often leads to chlorosis and stunting of seedlings,thereby limiting yield.Water-soluble silicon fertilizer has demonstrated yield-increasing and quality-improving effects in cereal crops such as wheat,but its application in vegetable crops like garlic seedlings remains less studied.This experiment aimed to explore the effects of different application rates of a new water-soluble silicon fertilizer on the growth and development of garlic seedlings and soil fertility,to provide the theoretical support for high-quality and high-yield garlic seed-ling production.[Methods]Using'Sichuan garlic'as the experimental material,three foliar spray treatments with different sili-con fertilizer concentrations were set up(concentrations were expressed in L/hm²,consistent with reporting conventions for liq-uid fertilizers in the literatures):conventional fertilization+foliar spraying of 30 L/hm² silicon fertilizer(T1),conventional fertilization+foliar spraying of 60 L/hm² silicon fertilizer(T2),and conventional fertilization+foliar spraying of 120 L/hm² silicon fertilizer(T3).A control(CK)received conventional fertilization plus an equal volume of water.Foliar sprays were ap-plied on the 8th,16th,and 24th days after sowing and seedling emergence.At harvest,65 days after transplanting,the effects of the different treatments were analyzed for plant height,pseudostem diameter,SPAD value,yield,quality,soil pH,electri-cal conductivity,soil nutrient content,and soil enzyme activities.[Results]Compared to CK,foliar spray of silicon fertilizer in-creased plant height by 4.08～11.58 cm,pseudostem diameter by 0.90～2.03 mm,and SPAD value by 8.5%～12.5%.It significantly increased garlic seedling yield by 2.5%～15.3%,with the T2 treatment yielding the highest.In terms of quality,T2 and T3 treatments significantly increased the soluble sugar and vitamin C contents of seedlings:soluble sugar content rose by 33.4%～62.2%,and vitamin C content by 17.1%～50.1%.Silicon fertilizer spray also improved soil nutrients and signifi-cant increased soil pH.Only the T2 treatment resulted in significantly higher soil available potassium,alkali-hydrolyzable nitro-gen,available phosphorus,and organic matter content compared to CK.Soil enzyme activities increased across all treatments,with catalase,urease,and sucrase activities in the T2 treatment being significantly higher than in other treatments,showing in-creases by 11.8%,23.3%,and 25.5%,respectively,compared to CK.[Conclusion]In summary,foliar application of water-soluble silicon fertilizer promoted garlic seedling growth,improved seedling quality,enhanced soil physical and chemical prop-erties,and increased soil enzyme activities.The most effective treatment was conventional fertilization combined with foliar spraying of silicon fertilizer at 60 L/hm²(T2).关键词
水溶性硅肥/蒜苗/产量/品质/土壤养分/土壤酶活性Key words
Water soluble silicon fertilizer/Garlic/Output/Quality/Soil nutrients/Soil enzyme分类
园艺学与植物营养学引用本文复制引用
董高艺,彭寄民,李洁,黄燕,闵祖璇,于镇瑞,聂文敏,郑井元..叶面喷施水溶性硅肥提高蒜苗产量与品质及土壤肥力[J].山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）,2025,45(5):78-86,9.基金项目
国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系(CARS-23-B14) （CARS-23-B14）
