文物保护与考古科学2025，Vol.37Issue(5)：55-70,16.DOI:10.16334/j.cnki.cn31-1652/k.20240703301
重庆巫山大溪遗址出土玉石器材质分析与玉料来源初探
Analysis of the materials and sources of jade and stone artifacts unearthed from the Daxi Site in Wushan County,Chongqing
摘要
Abstract
The Daxi Site,located in Daxi Village,Daxi Township,Wushan County,Chongqing,is one of the"Top 100 Archaeological Discoveries of the Century"and has yielded dozens of jade and stone artifacts with distinctive jade features of the Neolithic Daxi culture.To investigate the materials and sources of these jade and stone artifacts,62 objects were analyzed.Surface characteristics,degree of patination,and density were preliminarily examined using conventional gemmological tools such as a 10 × magnifying lens and an electronic balance.Raman spectrometry,X-ray powder diffraction,and other analytical methods were then applied for material identification.The results show that:1)conventional instrumental testing combined with spectrometric methods could effectively distinguish the materials for unearthed jade and stone artifacts-among the 62 artifacts:50 were marble,2 serpentinite,3 quartzite,2 marlstone,1 jet,3 clamor shellfish,and 1 bone(calcium phosphate);2)the artifacts included rings,beads,cores,pendants,stone axes,and smashed stone pieces,mainly for decorative purposes.Overall,the samples displays mixed materials and relatively lower quality-no high-quality jade and stone artifacts such as tremolite was detected.This aligns with the limited jade resources in the Daxi culture region.Comparison between the jade resources around the Three Gorges area and those from other cultural contexts suggested that marble artifacts were likely acquired locally,while materials such as jet were obtained through long-distance exchange.These findings provide new evidence for understanding jade utilization and cultural exchange in the Wushan Daxi culture.关键词
巫山大溪遗址/拉曼光谱/材质分析/玉料来源Key words
Daxi Site in Wushan County/Raman spectrum/Material analysis/Source of jade materials分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
曹懿,叶琳,白九江,赵文华,刘继富,杨明星,于璇,常远,方婷,苏越..重庆巫山大溪遗址出土玉石器材质分析与玉料来源初探[J].文物保护与考古科学,2025,37(5):55-70,16.基金项目
"考古中国"重大考古项目(文物保函[2020]444号)、中国地质大学(武汉)中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2024XLB5)、重庆市科研机构绩效激励引导专项项目(cstc2022jxjl00004)、国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZB20230683)、中国博士后科学基金第76批面上项目(2024M763059)资助 （文物保函[2020]444号）
