心理学报2025，Vol.57Issue(11)：1951-1972,中插19-中插21,25.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2025.1951
人与AI对智能家居机器人的安全信任及其影响因素
Safety trust in intelligent domestic robots:Human and AI perspectives on trust and relevant influencing factors
摘要
Abstract
As a result of the rapid development of intelligent domestic robot technology,safety concerns have emerged as a new challenge in human-robot trust dynamics.This study explores and validates novel critical dimensions of trust that influence human and AI users' perceptions of intelligent domestic robots,with a particular focus on safety trust.The research involves three comprehensive studies,each of which addresses different aspects of these dimensions. In Study 1,we developed a safety trust scale pertaining specifically to intelligent domestic robots.This scale was rigorously tested to confirm the stability and validity of its three-dimensional structure,which included performance,relational,and safety trust.The scale's psychometric properties were evaluated on the basis of factor analysis and reliability testing,thereby ensuring that it could accurately measure trust across different contexts and populations. Study 2 explored the static characteristics of robots,such as their anthropomorphism,their height,and the visibility of their embedded cameras.We revealed that human participants exhibited higher levels of safety trust toward robots that were shorter in height and had fewer conspicuous cameras.Interestingly,the degree of anthropomorphism was determined to play a significant role in determining participants' sensitivity to these static features. Study 3 expanded the investigation to encompass the dynamic characteristics of robots,such as movement speed,interaction scenario and camera operation(i.e.,turning the camera off).The results indicated that slower-moving robots were generally perceived as safer,and higher levels of safety trust were attributed to them.Moreover,the action of turning off a robot's camera during interactions was observed to significantly enhance safety trust among human users.The study also highlighted the fact that the influence of these dynamic features varied across different interaction scenarios,thus suggesting that situational factors play crucial roles in shaping trust perceptions. Furthermore,a comparative analysis between human and AI users revealed a certain degree of consistency in safety trust judgments.Both human and AI users were generally aligned in terms of their trust assessments on the basis of both static and dynamic robot features.However,the AI's sensitivity to the visibility of robot cameras was notably lower than that of humans,thus suggesting that AI may prioritize different factors in the context of assessing safety trust. Overall,the findings of this research provide valuable insights into the design and manufacturing of intelligent domestic robots,including by emphasizing the importance of considering both static and dynamic features in the process of enhancing safety trust.The results also offer theoretical and practical guidance for the development of trust models that can be applied in various intelligent home environments,thereby ultimately contributing to the advancement of human-robot interactions.关键词
人机信任/安全信任/智能家居机器人/使用意愿/大语言模型Key words
human-robot trust/safety trust/intelligent domestic robots/user intention/LLM分类
心理学引用本文复制引用
由姗姗,齐玥,陈俊廷,骆磊,张侃..人与AI对智能家居机器人的安全信任及其影响因素[J].心理学报,2025,57(11):1951-1972,中插19-中插21,25.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(32471130,32000771)、中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目成果(21XNLG13)、2018年度中央高校建设世界一流大学(学科)和特色发展引导专项资金(RUCPSY0007)支持. （32471130,32000771）
