西南农业学报2025，Vol.38Issue(9)：1813-1821,9.DOI:10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2025.9.001
基于SNP分子标记的广西玉米种质材料类群结构分析及核心种质构建
Population structure analysis and core collection construction of maize germplasms in Guangxi based on SNP molecular markers
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Population structure analysis and core germplasms construction of maize germplasms in Guangxi were conducted,provi-ding reference for the efficient utilization,diversity protection and variety improvement of maize germplasms in Guangxi.[Method]The genetic diversity of 523 germplasms with important breeding value was analyzed by SNP molecular markers,and the population structure and genetic differences of materials were analyzed based on principal component discriminant analysis(DAPC),K-means clustering method and genea-logical relationship.The simulated annealing algorithm was used to explore and construct the core germplasm of maize with a gradient sam-pling ratio of 5.00％in the sampling range of 30.00％-10.00％.[Result]The average genetic diversity(GD)and polymorphic information content(PIC)of 523 maize germplasms based on 7888 SNP molecular markers were 0.391 and 0.309,indicating that the genetic diversity was moderately polymorphic.Based on DAPC and K-means cluster analysis,523 germplasms were divided into Suwan group,Mexico yellow corn group,Reid group and Non-Reid group.Among the four groups,the genetic polymorphisms ranked as Suwan group＜Mexico yellow corn group＜Reid group＜N-Reid group,among which the genetic diversity of the Reid group was the highest(GD=0.398,PIC=0.313),and the polymorphism of the Suwan group was the lowest(GD=0.280,PIC=0.226).The results of molecular variance analysis showed that there was significant genetic variation among four groups,accounting for 83.1％of the total genetic variation,and 16.9％of the genetic varia-tion within groups,among which the genetic distance between Suwan group and Non-Reid group was the largest,followed by Suwan group and Reid group,and Suwan group and Mexico yellow corn group had the closest genetic distance.According to the sampling ratio of 30.00％-10.00％,the simulated annealing algorithm was used to construct the core germplasm step by step,and the sampling ratio of 17.20％was fi-nally determined through genetic diversity analysis and t test,and the core germplasm bank with 90 samples was formed.[Conclusion]A total of 523 germplasms of maize in Guangxi were divided into 4 groups(Suwan group,Mexico yellow corn group,Reid group and Non-Reid group)by SNP molecular markers,and there were significant genetic differences in the divided groups which could represent the main hetero-sis groups of maize in Guangxi.The core germplasm bank with 90 maize germplasms was constructed with a sampling ratio of 17.20％,and their genetic diversity evaluation was consistent with the 4 groups clustered from 523 materials,which was well representative.关键词
玉米种质/遗传多样性/类群划分/SNP分子标记/核心种质Key words
Maize germplasm/Genetic diversity/Group division/SNP molecular marker/Core germplasm分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
陈坤,钟昌松,黄安霞,周锦国,卢生乔,覃宏宇,韦正乙,弓雪,刘亚利,张述宽..基于SNP分子标记的广西玉米种质材料类群结构分析及核心种质构建[J].西南农业学报,2025,38(9):1813-1821,9.基金项目
广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22068095-1) （桂科AA22068095-1）
广西自然科学基金项目(2022GXNSFAA035602) （2022GXNSFAA035602）
国家现代农业产业技术体系广西玉米创新团队首席专家项目(nycytxgxcxtd-04-01) （nycytxgxcxtd-04-01）
