重庆高教研究2025，Vol.13Issue(6)：54-68,15.DOI:10.15998/j.cnki.issn1673-8012.2025.06.004
中国大学学术人才流动规律:籍贯效应与区域差异
The Mobility Patterns of Academic Talents in China's Universities:The Role of Place of Origin and Regional Disparities
摘要
Abstract
The place of origin is a critical determinant of academic talent mobility;however,due to methodological and evidentiary limitations,relevant research has long been absent,making it difficult to provide effective guidance for regional talent policies.Drawing on curriculum vitae data from 33,080 faculty members at China's universities,this study systematically examined the mechanisms through which place of origin shapes academic talent flows and their regional variations.The findings are as follows.First,at both the educational and occupational stages,talents from all regions exhibit a pronounced preference for returning to their place of origin,though with significant regional disparities.As educational attainment increases,individuals from eastern provinces are more likely to move abroad,while those from central,western,and northeastern provinces tend to concentrate in the east.At the occupational stage,the pattern is characterized by stable high-level return in the east,accelerated return in the central and western regions,and one-way outflow in the northeast.Second,cluster analysis identifies four distinct patterns of retention in one's place of origin during both study and employment:high-retention throughout the full career cycle,gradient return,slow decline-slow rise,and continuous outflow.These patterns confirm the differentiated pull effects of disparities in regional educational resources and economic development.Third,temporal analysis reveals that the return rate of eastern-origin talents at all stages has declined,with mobility paths becoming increasingly diverse.Central and western-origin talents tend to follow a study away from home-return for employment trajectory,with an intensifying trend of returning to work in their home region.In contrast,the northeast faces a worsening situation of sustained talent loss.Fourth,the location choice at the undergraduate stage exerts a significant path-locking effect:studying outside the place of origin weakens its subsequent influence,making later mobility more strongly driven by the stickiness of the undergraduate location.This study partially challenges the prevailing notion of"Peacocks flying southeast"—a metaphor for one-way talent flow to the east—by uncovering the dynamic compensatory mechanisms of talent return in the central and western regions,while highlighting the persistent outflow crisis in the northeast.The findings provide empirical evidence for optimizing regional talent policies.Accordingly,it is recommended that the eastern region focus on attracting overseas returnees,the central and western regions strengthen early-stage linkages in higher education,marginal provinces adopt differentiated talent recruitment strategies,and the northeast promote the restructuring of higher education resources and industrial coordination to alleviate structural talent imbalances.关键词
学术人才/大学教师/籍贯/人才流动Key words
academic talents/university faculty/place of origin/talent mobility分类
教育学引用本文复制引用
林松月,于宜田,刘进..中国大学学术人才流动规律:籍贯效应与区域差异[J].重庆高教研究,2025,13(6):54-68,15.基金项目
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助课题"学术人才国际化流动与学术产出研究"(1253100002) （1253100002）
国家自然科学基金青年项目"出国留学仍能带来更高教育收益吗?——基于多类型千万级大数据的实证测量"(72504031) （72504031）
国家自然科学基金面上项目"'帽子'政策促进还是抑制了学术人才回流?——基于对580万份简历大数据库的人工智能(准)因果推断"(72374023) （准）
