农学学报2025，Vol.15Issue(10)：10-17,8.
广东博罗县农户施肥情况及减施潜力估算
Fertilizer Application Status of Farmers in Boluo of Guangdong and Estimation of Fertilizer Reduction Potential
摘要
Abstract
To better understand the fertilization status of farmers at the county scale in Guangdong,and then provide references for formulating scientific fertilizer management strategies and implementing soil testing and formulated fertilization as well as reducing chemical fertilizers and increasing efficiency,the data on crop planting and fertilization throughout the year of 124 farmers in five towns of Boluo County were collected in 2022 by field survey.The overall characteristics of fertilization were analyzed,and a detailed examination was conducted for the fertilization status,partial productivity and application reduction potential of three land use types(paddy fields,vegetable fields,and orchards).The results showed that the input of chemical fertilizer nutrients(N,P2O5,and K2O)in Boluo County was 864.7 kg/hm2,while the proportion of organic fertilizer application reached 42.7%and its nutrient input was 326.3 kg/hm2.The chemical fertilizers were primarily compound fertilizers,among which the 1:1:1 type accounted for 72.5%of the total chemical fertilizer usage.Organic fertilizers were mainly commercial ones.In terms of fertilization methods,the base fertilizer was mainly applied deeply,while the additional fertilizer was applied superficially mainly.There were significant differences in fertilizer application rates among different land use types,with orchards having the highest nutrient input.Specifically,the nutrient inputs of chemical fertilizers were 580.7,717.5,and 1051.6 kg/hm2 for paddy fields,vegetable fields,and orchards respectively,while the nutrient inputs of organic fertilizers were 37.6,327.6,and 598.5 kg/hm2 respectively.Among farmers using organic fertilizers,the nutrient substitution rates of organic fertilizers in paddy fields,vegetable fields and orchards were 4.6%,30.3%and 34.9%,respectively.The partial factor productivity of fertilizer nutrients in paddy fields,vegetable fields and orchards was 17.3,59.7,and 15.1 kg/kg,respectively,and the potential for fertilizer nutrient reduction was estimated to be 49.4%,33.4%,and 34.7%,respectively.There was an imbalance in the proportion of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium nutrient inputs in paddy fields and vegetable fields,with phosphorus overuse being the most significant in vegetable fields.Currently,there are problems such as high fertilizer usage,unbalanced nutrient ratio and backward fertilization methods in Boluo County.It is recommended to reasonably adjust the amount of fertilizer applied to crops,and control the input ratio of phosphorus in order to improve the utilization rate of fertilizers,reduce unnecessary fertilizer waste and promote the sustainable development of agricultural production.关键词
广东省/博罗县/农户调研/施肥现状/农作物/养分投入/偏生产力/减施潜力Key words
Guangdong Province/Boluo County/farmers survey/fertilizer status/crops/nutrient input/partial factor productivity/reduction potential分类
园艺学与植物营养学引用本文复制引用
许映慧,李盟军,申健,张新新,王荣辉,龚颖婷,林挺锐,吴春蕾,艾绍英..广东博罗县农户施肥情况及减施潜力估算[J].农学学报,2025,15(10):10-17,8.基金项目
广东省重点领域研发计划项目"农区氮磷面源流失智能监测评估技术与装备研究与示范"(2023B0202030001) （2023B0202030001）
农业农村部农业生态资源与环境保护服务项目"全国农田氮磷流失等监测评价"(13230019) （13230019）
2023年省级农业科技创新及推广项目"2023年省农科院资环所农业基础性长期性科技监测项目"(2023KJ155). （2023KJ155）
