中国南方果树2025，Vol.54Issue(5)：13-20,8.DOI:10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20250261
水氮互作对澳洲坚果光合生理效应和果实品质的研究
Study on the effects of water-nitrogen interaction on photosynthetic physiology and fruit quality of macadamia
摘要
Abstract
To explore the mechanism of water-nitrogen interaction on photosynthetic physiology and fruit quality of macadamia nuts,propose scientific water and nitrogen regulation strategies,HAES 344 macadamia was used as test material,6 water-nitro-gen interaction treatments,including N0W0,N0W1,N0W2,N1W0,N1W1 and N1W2 were set up to detect their impacts on the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),transpiration rate(Tr),intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci),water use ef-ficiency(WUE),and the content of proline,malondialdehyde(MDA),soluble sugars,starch,and the single plant production and fruit quality of macadamia nuts.Among the six treatments,N0 and N1 referred to 0,300 g nitrogen per plant,respectively,and W0 referred to no irrigation,field water holding capacity maintained at 25％-35％;W1 referred to moderate irrigation,field wa-ter holding capacity maintained at 55％-65％;W2 referred to normal irrigation,field water holding capacity maintained at 75％-85％.The results showed that under the interaction of water and nitrogen,during the flowering period,the Pn,Gs,Ci,and WUE of leaves initially increased and then decreased with increase of water availability,while Tr showed an increasing or decrea-sing trend.The Pn,Gs,Ci,Tr,and WUE during the fruit swelling period and fruit oil accumulation period initially increased and then decreased.After nitrogen treatment,the photosynthetic efficiency was improved,and photosynthetic indicators such as Pn,Ci,and Tr during the flowering period were significantly affected by both the N and W factors.Irrigation factor W was the main in-fluencing factor during the fruit swelling and oil accumulation periods.Drought or severe water stress significantly reduced Pn.Un-der moderate irrigation and nitrogen application conditions,the content of proline,malondialdehyde and soluble sugars decreased,which could slow down the membrane peroxidation and regulate the osmotic pressure,alleviate the damage of drought stress to the leaves of macadamia.The contents of MDA,soluble sugars and starch were significantly affected by N and W factors during the flow-ering and fruit swelling periods,indicating a significant interaction effect.The treatment N1W1,300 g nitrogen per plant+moderate irri-gation,field water holding capacity maintained at 55％-65％,showed the best photosynthetic efficiency during flowering,fruit swelling and oil accumulation periods,with stronger resistance to environmental stress,and promoted the growth and fruit development of maca-damia,with higher kernel rate,the highest per plant yield,Grade I kernel quality and Grade I kernel rate.关键词
澳洲坚果/水氮互作/光合性状/品质/株产/出仁率Key words
macadamia/water-nitrogen interaction/photosynthetic traits/quality/per plant yield/kernel rate引用本文复制引用
李思敏,贺熙勇,杨丽萍,耿顺军,马静,王成..水氮互作对澳洲坚果光合生理效应和果实品质的研究[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(5):13-20,8.基金项目
云南省科技厅农业基础研究项目(202301BD070001-074) （202301BD070001-074）
云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设专项资金(RF2025-14) （RF2025-14）
云南省科技厅科技人才与平台计划(院士专家工作站)(202405AF140033) （院士专家工作站）
兴滇英才支持计划(2022-0068) （2022-0068）
创新引导与科技型企业培育计划(202404BP090014)资助. （202404BP090014）
