中国农学通报2025，Vol.41Issue(29)：7-14,8.
不同促根壮苗技术对东北低洼地玉米生长和产量的影响
Effects of Different Root-promoting and Seedling-strengthening Technologies on Maize Growth and Yield in Low-lying Areas of Northeast China
摘要
Abstract
The ground temperature in spring in the low-lying areas of Northeast China is low,which easily leads to poor seedling quality and slow growth of maize.Under the conservation tillage mode,this phenomenon is more obvious.The development of root-promoting and seedling-strengthening technology may be an important way to increase maize yield.Plant growth-promoting bacteria and trace elements can promote root growth and reduce low temperature stress.This study aimed to explore the role of the technologies in promoting the growth and yield of maize in low-lying land.The study was conducted in Changjiadian Village,Liujiaguanzi Town,Lishu County,Jilin Province in 2023 and 2024.Five treatments were set up,which were(1)farmers'routine;(2)rhizosphere application of microbial phosphate fertilizer;(3)rhizosphere application of growth-promoting bacterial agent A28;(4)rhizosphere application of growth-promoting bacteria agent P24;(5)spraying humic acid trace element foliar fertilizer on plant shoot.Plant samples were collected during the whole growth period of maize,and root and aboveground biomass,leaf area index,yield and its components were measured.The results showed that the root-promoting and seedling-strengthening techniques could improve the growth of maize seedlings.At the seedling stage(the sixth leaf expansion stage),the leaf area index increased by 25.9%-141.2%,the root biomass increased by 15.7%-82.4%,and the aboveground biomass increased by 10.7%-84.6%.At the same time,it also significantly delayed the senescence of leaves and roots in the later stage,increased the 100-grain weight and grain number per ear of maize,and finally significantly increased the yield of maize by 4.9%-18.7%.The effect of increasing yield was shown as growth-promoting bacterial agent>microbial phosphate fertilizer>trace element foliar fertilizer.Among them,the growth-promoting bacterial agent A28 had the best yield-increasing effect and stability,with an average yield increase of 16.2%.This paper believed that the rhizosphere microbial regulation technology could effectively reduce the stress of soil low temperature on the growth of maize seedlings,and ultimately increase the yield of maize,which had a wide application value in the low-lying areas of Northeast China.关键词
条耕/促根壮苗/玉米产量/低洼地/根系调控/叶面肥Key words
strip tillage/root-promoting and seedling-strengthening/corn yield/low-lying land/root regulation/foliar fertilizer分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
高铭阳,沙野,胡文朗,黄怡,张净然,隋新华,米国华..不同促根壮苗技术对东北低洼地玉米生长和产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2025,41(29):7-14,8.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目"黑土地耕地保育和粮食产能提升协同的梨树模式创新与示范"(2022YFD1500705). （2022YFD1500705）
