中国农业科技导报2025，Vol.27Issue(11)：8-22,15.DOI:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2025.0272
高糖/脂比饲料对黄河鲤生长性能和肌肉脂肪酸品质的影响
High Sugar/fat Ratio Feeds Favor Growth Performance and Muscle Fatty Acid Quality of Yellow River Carp(Cyprinus carpio)
摘要
Abstract
To determine the optimal sugar/fat ratio in the diet of Yellow River carp,on the premise of meeting its basic requirements for n-3 essential fatty acids(n-3 EFA),a commercial feed with a conventional formula(sugar/fat ratio of 25/7)was used as the control group(T0).Mixed soybean oil and linseed oil served as the fat source,and the sugar/fat ratios of the experimental diets were adjusted to 40/4(T1),32/7(T2)and 25/9(T3)by modifying the addition amounts of carbohydrate and fat.The effects of different sugar/fat ratios on Yellow River carp were analyzed.The results showed that there were no significant differences in the morphological indices(hepatosomatic index and viscerosomatic index),crude protein content in whole fish and muscle,serum cholesterol content and malondialdehyde content among different dietary groups.However,the specific growth rate and weight gain rate significantly increased with the elevation of dietary sugar/fat ratio.The serum glucose level in T2 treatment and the serum insulin content in T1 treatment were significantly higher than those in T0 treatment.The activities of hepatic glucokinase and 6-phosphofructokinase-1 in T1 treatment were significantly higher than those in T3 treatment.Additionally,the contents of serum triglyceride,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,as well as hepatic triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acids significantly decreased as the sugar/fat ratio increased.Regarding hepatic antioxidant capacity,the total antioxidant capacity in T1～T3 treatments was significantly higher than that in T0 treatment.In terms of muscle fatty acid composition,the levels of eicosatrienoic acid,docosahexaenoic acid,n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and total polyunsaturated fatty acids in the muscle and liver of Yellow River carp in T1～T3 treatments were significantly higher than those in T0 treatment.The expression levels of Δ6 fad-β and elovl5-α in the liver of Yellow River carp in T0 and T1 treatments were significantly higher than those in T2 treatment,and the hepatic Δ6 fad-α expression level in T1 treatment was significantly higher than that in T0 group treatment.These findings indicated that a dietary sugar/fat ratio of 40/4(T1)was more conducive to the synthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids in the fish liver.In conclusion,when the essential fatty acid content in the diet was sufficient,the utilization rate of high sugar/fat ratio diets could be improved,which in turn enhanced hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism,promoted the growth of Yellow River carp,and improved the quality of muscle fatty acids.关键词
黄河鲤/糖脂比/生长性能/糖脂代谢/高不饱和脂肪酸沉积Key words
Yellow River carp/sugar/fat ratio/growth performance/glycolipid metabolism/highly unsaturated fatty acid(HUFA)deposition分类
水产学引用本文复制引用
李新禄,桑宇航,黎心怡,和子杰,秦超彬,聂国兴,李远友,谢帝芝..高糖/脂比饲料对黄河鲤生长性能和肌肉脂肪酸品质的影响[J].中国农业科技导报,2025,27(11):8-22,15.基金项目
区域创新发展联合基金重点项目(U22A20532). （U22A20532）
