中国铁道科学2025，Vol.46Issue(5)：30-43,14.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4632.2025.05.03
高速磁浮列车气动阻力与噪声的产生机制及分布特征
Generation Mechanism and Distribution Characteristics of Aerodynamic Drag and Noise of High-Speed Maglev Train
摘要
Abstract
To identify the body parts of the high-speed maglev train with drag and noise reduction potential,numerical simulation analysis of the aerodynamic drag and aerodynamic noise of a 600 km·h-1 high-speed maglev train is carried out based on the Large Eddy Simulation(LES)method and Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings(FW-H)acoustic analogy.The results show that the pressure drag of the train is mainly caused by the large pressure difference between head and tail cars,while friction drag of the train is mainly caused by friction between airflow and train surfaces of different speeds within the boundary layer.The friction drag of the whole vehicle accounts for 76.3%of the total aerodynamic drag,dominating overall resistance.The aerodynamic drag of the flow section of the head and tail cars accounts for 29.1%and 23.8%,respectively;while the aerodynamic drag of the windshield and the sled accounts for a relatively small proportion,accounting for 1.9%and 5.2%,respectively.Vortex formed by the airflow separation is the main reason for the aerodynamic noise generated in the streamline region of the head car;while the surface pressure pulsation caused by the boundary layer separation in the shoulder of the tail car,as well as the vortex formed in the tail part,is the main reason for the aerodynamic noise generated in the streamline region of the tail car.Near-field A-weighted sound pressure level of the head and tail car areas shows an overall decreasing trend as the frequency increases.At the distance of 25 m,aerodynamic noise exhibits double-peak distribution with maximum 83.1 dB at the tail streamlined section.The 1/3-octave spectrum shows broadband characteristics with peak frequency between 600 Hz-1 200 Hz.关键词
高速磁浮列车/气动阻力/气动噪声/分布特征/数值模拟Key words
High-speed maglev train/Aerodynamic drag/Aerodynamic noise/Distribution characteristics/Numerical simulation分类
交通运输引用本文复制引用
许建林,李越,付善强,杨永刚..高速磁浮列车气动阻力与噪声的产生机制及分布特征[J].中国铁道科学,2025,46(5):30-43,14.基金项目
甘肃省科技计划资助项目(24JRRA990) （24JRRA990）
高速磁浮运载技术全国重点实验室开放基金资助项目(SKLM-SFCF-2023-009) （SKLM-SFCF-2023-009）
