中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志2025，Vol.32Issue(10)：993-1009,17.DOI:10.3872/j.issn.1007-385x.2025.10.001
以肿瘤新抗原为核心的肿瘤免疫疗法:从分子机制到人工智能辅助抗原鉴定和TCR识别
Tumor immunotherapy centered on tumor neoantigens:from molecular mechanisms to AI-assisted antigen identification and TCR recognition
摘要
Abstract
Tumor neoantigens are aberrant peptides unique to tumor cells,which can be recognized by the immune system and have become a research hotspot in precision tumor immunotherapy.This article provides an overview of the diverse molecular origins of tumor neoantigens,analyzes the antigen processing and presentation mechanisms of MHC class Ⅰ/Ⅱ molecules,and explores the critical role of cross-presentation in immune recognition.It also analyzes the structural and signal transduction characteristics of the T cell receptor(TCR)complex,emphasizes the importance of immunogenicity evaluation,and elaborates on the progress of high-throughput omics and artificial intelligence/deep learning in neoantigen discovery and the prediction of MHC-peptide and TCR-peptide-MHC interactions.Additionally,it introduces the application prospects and challenges of neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccines and adoptive cell therapy in solid tumors,discusses the limitations of neoantigen prediction,tumor immune escape,and ethical issues,and looks forward to the significance of technologies such as single-cell spatial transcriptomics for immunotherapy design,TCR molecular design,and the construction of a global neoantigen repository.关键词
肿瘤新抗原/抗原提呈/T细胞抗原受体/人工智能Key words
tumor neoantigen/antigen presentation/T cell antigen receptor/artificial intelligence分类
基础医学引用本文复制引用
吴柯廷,赵海潮..以肿瘤新抗原为核心的肿瘤免疫疗法:从分子机制到人工智能辅助抗原鉴定和TCR识别[J].中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志,2025,32(10):993-1009,17.基金项目
中国博士后科学基金(No.2023M730673) （No.2023M730673）
国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.82130077) （No.82130077）
国家科技重大专项(No.2023ZD0502000) （No.2023ZD0502000）
