中国水利Issue(20)：23-28,6.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1123.2025.20.004
生态大坝科学内涵与建设路径探析
An analysis of the scientific connotation and construction path of ecological dams
摘要
Abstract
For a long time,the construction of dams has involved contradictions and trade-offs between socioeconomic benefits and ecological impacts,which has triggered discussions and debates in related fields.In the new historical period,guided by Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization,the Ministry of Water Resources has proposed the construction of"ecological dams"as a strategic response and innovative practice to this fundamental issue.Although many studies and practices have been carried out on the ecological and environmental effects of dams and corresponding mitigation measures,comprehensive and systematic analyses of the scientific connotation of ecological dams are still limited,and specific construction pathways remain unclear.From the two aspects of controllable ecological impacts and the realization of ecological benefits,the basic concept and scientific connotation of ecological dams are proposed.Based on the whole life cycle of dams,including planning,design,construction,impoundment,and operation and maintenance,the key points of ecological dam construction are analyzed,including that planning and design should minimize ecological risks,ecological impacts during construction and impoundment should be controllable,and operation and management should maintain the ecological health of both reservoirs and downstream rivers.Furthermore,the establishment of monitoring and evaluation systems and technical standards is suggested as a pathway to promote the construction of ecological dams at the present stage.关键词
生态大坝/河流伦理/水库生态学/水工程生态效应/科学内涵/建设路径/生态调度Key words
ecological dam/river ethics/reservoir ecology/ecological effects of water projects/scientific connotation/construction pathway/ecological dispatch分类
水利科学引用本文复制引用
王建华,张云昌,胡鹏..生态大坝科学内涵与建设路径探析[J].中国水利,2025,(20):23-28,6.基金项目
国家重点研究计划课题(2024YFC3210901) （2024YFC3210901）
国家自然科学基金(52394233、U2240202) （52394233、U2240202）
中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(WR110145B0102025) （WR110145B0102025）
流域水循环与水安全全国重点实验室资助(SKL2025TDGG06). （SKL2025TDGG06）
