环境与职业医学2025，Vol.42Issue(10)：1170-1176,7.DOI:10.11836/JEOM25039
上海市谷类和烘焙食品中呕吐毒素污染情况及孕妇膳食暴露评估
Deoxynivalenol contamination in cereals and bakery products in Shanghai and dietary exposure assessment in pregnant women
摘要
Abstract
[Background]Deoxynivalenol(DON),a priority contaminant for food safety risk monitoring,is produced by Fusarium spp.infesting crops,and its common derivatives are 3-acetyl-DON(3A-DON)and 15-acetyl-DON(15A-DON),which have been shown to possess gastrointestinal toxicity,immunotoxicity,reproductive toxicity,and cytotoxicity.Due to the stable physicochemical properties of the DON family of toxins(DONs),they cannot be effectively removed during food processing,thus following the food chain,entering the human body,and posing health risks. [Objective]To understand the contamination status of DONs in commercial foods(cereals and bakery products)in Shanghai in 2022-2023,and to assess the exposure risk of DONs in pregnant women by combining their dietary consumption data. [Methods]Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)was used to determine the contamination level of DONs in 1 100 food samples(cereals and baked goods)collected in 2022 and 944 samples collected in 2023 from Shanghai.The dietary monitoring data of pregnant women in Shanghai from 2016 to 2017 were adopted.The monitoring employed the food frequency questionnaire dis-tributed among pregnant women through a combination of online telephone enquiry and offline on-site face-to-face survey to estimate their food consumption levels.An exposure assessment model was established to calculate the exposure level to DONs,and the probability distribution of the DONs exposure level in the pregnant women group in Shanghai was obtained by applying@Risk 7.5 software and sim-ulating the calculation according to the Monte Carlo principle.With reference to the tolerable daily intake(TDI)of DONs[1.00 µg·(kg·d)-1]proposed by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives,the risk of exposure to DONs from commercial cereals and bakery products in pregnant women in Shanghai was assessed. [Results]DONs were detected in cereal and bakery samples collected in 2022 and 2023 with different levels of contamination.The level of DONs in cereal foods in 2023(mean:36.33 µg·kg-1)decreased compared to 2022(mean:23.64 µg·kg-1).However,the positive rate(71.67%)and level(mean:51.22 µg·kg-1)of DONs in bakery products increased significantly compared with 2022(positive rate:10.00%,mean:24.39 µg·kg-1).The mean consumption of cereals in 783 pregnant women was 222.48 g·d-1 and the mean consumption of bakery products was 36.07 g·d-1,and there was no statistically significant difference in the intake of all types of cereals and bakery products across the early,middle,and late stages of pregnancy.The modelled intakes of DONs via commercial cereals and bakery products for pregnant women in Shanghai were calculated to be 0.20 and 0.57 µg·(kg·d)-1 in 2022 for the mean level and the 95th percentile level,re-spectively,and 0.16 µg·(kg·d)-1 and 0.35 µg·(kg·d)-1 in 2023,respectively.The results of the health risk assessment showed that pregnant women in Shanghai had 2.6%and 1.4%probability of exposure to DONs from cereal consumption in 2022 and 2023,respectively. [Conclusion]The risk of exposure of pregnant women in Shanghai to DONs via commercial cereals and bakery products is relatively low(1.4%-2.6%).However,considering the physical sensitivity of pregnant women,they should avoid consuming moldy grains and appropri-ately reduce intake of bakery products.关键词
呕吐毒素/孕妇/人群暴露/风险评估/食品安全Key words
deoxynivalenol/pregnant women/population exposure/risk assessment/food safety分类
预防医学引用本文复制引用
李凯琳,刘弘,罗宝章,齐人杰,蔡华,宋夏,杨京津,邱丹萍,朱珍妮,何懿..上海市谷类和烘焙食品中呕吐毒素污染情况及孕妇膳食暴露评估[J].环境与职业医学,2025,42(10):1170-1176,7.基金项目
上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划项目(2023-2025年)(GWVI-4) （2023-2025年）
上海市卫生健康委员会卫生行业临床研究专项项目(202340302). （202340302）
