实验技术与管理2025，Vol.42Issue(10)：69-82,14.DOI:10.16791/j.cnki.sjg.2025.10.009
微通道散热器传热增强研究进展
Advances in heat transfer enhancement of microchannel heat sinks
摘要
Abstract
[Research Significance]As modern high-efficiency heat exchangers based on microscale fluid flow,microchannel heat sinks(MCHS)have been widely used in many fields given their excellent heat transfer area-to-volume ratios,compact structures,and high heat transfer coefficients.[Research Progress]This paper systematically reviews recent advances in enhanced heat transfer technologies for MCHSs,which are primarily categorized into three major areas:passive enhanced heat transfer technologies,active enhanced heat transfer technologies,and heat transfer enhancement structures.In passive enhanced heat transfer technologies,the application of nanofluids is discussed,and the enhanced heat transfer characteristics of single-component and mixed nanofluids are analyzed in detail.Moreover,an artificial neural network and computational fluid dynamics technology are combined to determine the optimal concentration of nanofluids,thereby reducing the cost and time of experiments.In active enhanced heat transfer techniques,the application of magnetohydrodynamics in microchannels and its enhanced heat transfer mechanism are outlined,showing that gradient magnetic fields enhance heat transfer in magnetic nanofluids more effectively than uniform magnetic fields.For heat transfer enhancement structures,four typical designs—fluid interruption structures,porous structures,concave cavity structures,and nanostructures—are reviewed.The physical mechanisms of heat transfer enhancement,as well as the influence mechanisms of these structures on the boiling process of the flow in microchannels,are analyzed in depth.In addition,this paper outlines the commonly used materials for MCHSs and their practical applications in electronics,chip cooling,and aerospace.Typical microchannel fabrication methods are introduced from the perspectives of subtractive manufacturing and additive manufacturing,and their advantages and disadvantages are summarized.[Conclusions and Prospects]Although nanoparticle agglomeration substantially enhances the thermal conductivity of nanofluids,it is also prone to generating a fouling layer,leading to fouling formation.This,in turn,triggers problems such as increased pressure drop,channel blockage,and corrosion.At present,the impact of agglomeration patterns on transport properties remains unclear,necessitating systematic research.The size parameters of the heat transfer enhancement structure(especially at the microscale and nanoscale)substantially impact heat transfer performance,and its optimal design must be further explored.For complex microchannels,the difficulty and cost of processing must be considered comprehensively,and more accurate and economical manufacturing processes for complex microchannels must be developed.Alternatively,the synergistic application of various preparative processes must be explored.This paper summarizes the current research status in the field of heat transfer enhancement of MCHSs and provides an outlook on existing challenges and potential future development directions,offering a reference for the development of microchannel enhanced heat transfer.关键词
微通道/强化传热/纳米流体/流道结构Key words
microchannels/enhanced heat transfer/nanofluids/flow channel structure分类
化学化工引用本文复制引用
刘雨薇,陈昌辉,刘金涛,原彦鹏,李笑梅,程正坤..微通道散热器传热增强研究进展[J].实验技术与管理,2025,42(10):69-82,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52105232) （52105232）
中国矿业大学(北京)研究生教育教学改革与研究项目(JYG2024010) （北京）
中国矿业大学(北京)本科生教育教学改革与研究项目(J241306) （北京）
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金海上风电联合基金项目(2022A1515240057) （2022A1515240057）
深圳市科技计划资助项目((20231128093312001) （(20231128093312001）
