铁道科学与工程学报2025，Vol.22Issue(10)：4366-4375,10.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20250012
高速列车线路对撞试验前安全评估及试验验证研究
Safety assessment before high-speed train line collision test and test verification
摘要
Abstract
In the field of train collision safety research,the line-collision test remains the most realistic and convincing method.To ensure operational safety during the train-line collision test,it is necessary to predict collision posture evolution patterns precisely,systematically evaluate derailment risks,and establish a multi-level safety protection system prior to testing.By focusing on a five-vehicle train line collision test,a collision dynamics model was developed using the MotionView multibody dynamics simulation platform,which included three subsystems:vehicle suspension,wheel-rail contact,and energy-absorbing structures.Key parameters including impact velocity(v),energy-absorbing structure platform force(F),and initial lateral offset(δ)were systematically analyzed.By using wheel vertical lift as the derailment evaluation metric,a three-factor,three-level full factorial experimental design generated 27 simulation scenarios.Results indicated that when δ=20 mm or 40 mm,both moving and stationary trains exhibited lateral buckling collision postures,with the highest derailment risk observed at the first-end bogie of the second vehicle in the moving train.Range analysis further demonstrated that δ has the greatest impact on the wheel vertical lift,followed by V,both parameters showed strong positive correlations with derailment risk.Under extreme parameter combinations(δ=40 mm and v=33 km/h),the vertical lift of both right-side wheels at the first-end bogie of the second vehicle exceeded 21 mm,reaching the critical threshold for derailment.Based on quantified risk assessments,targeted improvements were proposed,and a five-vehicle train-line collision test was successfully conducted under multi-layered safety protections.Post-impact data confirmed stable vehicle postures with no instability phenomena and effective maintenance of interfacial engagement.The collision safety assessment framework established in this study provides theoretical foundations and technical support for future train line collision tests involving increased train units and higher velocities.关键词
列车线路对撞试验/安全评估/脱轨风险/多体动力学模型/横向褶曲姿态/车辆脱轨/多级安全防护Key words
train line collision test/safety assessment/derailment risk/multibody dynamic model/lateral buckling posture/vehicle derailment/multi-level safety protection分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
赵慧,许平,阳程星,南钊,李本怀..高速列车线路对撞试验前安全评估及试验验证研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2025,22(10):4366-4375,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(U24B20121,52302460) （U24B20121,52302460）
浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(ZCLQN25E0502) （ZCLQN25E0502）
