农业研究与应用2025，Vol.38Issue(6)：536-548,13.DOI:10.20191/j.cnki.2095-0764.2025.06.002
深耕和蔗叶还田根域改良对酸化蔗地甘蔗生长和酸化阻控的效果
Effects of Deep Tillage and Sugarcane Leaves Returning on Root Zone Improvement,Sugar-cane Growth,and Acidification Resistance Control in Acidified Sugarcane Fields
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Sugarcane is an important economic crop in Guangxi.Due to long-term continuous cropping,the acidification of sugarcane soil is aggravated,threatening the sustainable development of the industry.Application of organic fertilizer or organic matter returning to field is an effective means to improve soil.A large amount of filter mud and leaves are generated in the pro-duction of cane sugar in Guangxi,which urgently need to be utilized properly.Exploring the effects of returning sugarcane leaves to the field and applying organic fertilizers such as filter mud on growth of sugarcane and improvement of acidic sugarcane fields is of great significance for guiding the comprehensive utilization of agricultural wastes and promoting the sustainable and healthy devel-opment of sugarcane industry.[Method]This study utilized randomized block design,and set up ten treatments including CK,shallow tillage+conventional fertilization;F1,shallow tillage+opti-mized fertilization;F2,deep tillage+optimized fertilization;ZY,deep tillage+optimized fertil-ization+sugarcane leaf returning;ZT,deep tillage+optimized fertilization+filter mud;ZT_ZY,deep tillage+filter mud+optimized fertilization+sugarcane leaf returning;FZT,deep tillage+composted filter mud+optimized fertilization;FZT_ZY,deep tillage+composted filter mud+op-timized fertilizer+sugarcane leaf returning;Q,deep tillage+earthworm manure by filter mud+optimized fertilization;Q_ZY,deep tillage+earthworm manure by filter mud+optimized fertiliza-tion+sugarcane leaf returning.Effects of different technique combinations on sugarcane growth(number of emergence or seedlings,number of tillering,number of total seedlings),yield and qual-ity traits(millable stalks,stalk formation rate,brix,plant height,stalk diameter,cane yield),eco-nomic benefits(output value,profit,input-output ratio),and their regulatory effects on soil pH in sugarcane root zone were explored.[Result]In the plant crop season,the emerged seedlings count in shallow tillage treatments(CK,F1)were lower than that in the deep tillage treatments(F2,ZY,ZT,ZT_ZY,FZT,FZT_ZY,Q,Q_ZY).Under deep tillage conditions,the emerged seedlings count in the treatments with sugarcane leaf returning(ZY,ZT_ZY,FZT_ZY,Q_ZY)were lower than that in the treatments without sugarcane leaf returning(F2,ZT,FZT,Q).There were no sig-nificant differences in the number of tillers,total seedlings,juice brix,and plant height among the treatments.The millable stalks in the ZT_ZY treatment(70 785 stalks/hm²)was the highest,while that in the CK was the fewest(63 075 stalks/hm²).The stalk formation rate in the FZT_ZY treat-ment(42.84%)was the highest,while that in the FZT treatment was the lowest(30.12%).The stalk diameter in the CK(25.57 mm)was the smallest,while that in the FZT_ZY treatment(27.87 mm)was the largest.The ZT_ZY treatment had the highest cane yield,output value,and profit,while the CK treatment the lowest.In the ratoon crop season,the number of seedlings,tillers,and millable stalks in the shallow tillage treatments(CK,F1)were lower than those in the deep tillage treatments(F2,ZY,ZT,ZT_ZY,FZT,FZT_ZY,Q,Q_ZY).Under deep tillage conditions,the number of seedlings and tillers in the treatments with sugarcane leaf returning(ZY,ZT_ZY,FZT_ZY,Q_ZY)were higher than those in the treatments without sugarcane leaf returning(F2,ZT,FZT,Q).The total seedlings count in the ZT_ZY treatment(151 665 plants/hm2)was 26.53%higher than that in the CK(119 865 plants/hm2)and 20.73%higher than that in the F1 treatment(125 625 plants/hm2).The total seedling counted in the F2 treatment(131 070 plants/hm2)was 9.35%higher than that in the CK and 4.33%higher than that in the F1 treatment.The tillering rate of each treatment reached over 40%,and the shallow tillage treatments(CK,F1)showed higher tiller-ing rate than the deep tillage treatments(F2,ZY,ZT,ZT_ZY,FZT,FZT_ZY,Q,Q_ZY).There was no significant difference in brix in different treatments.The plant height in the Q_ZY treatment(294.3 cm)was the highest,while that in the F2 treatment(259.2 cm)was the lowest.The stalk di-ameter in the FZT treatment(29.53 mm)was the largest,while that in the CK(27.77 mm)was the smallest.The cane yield(94 110 kg/hm2)and output value(50819 yuan/hm2)in the Q_ZY treatment were the highest,while the cane yield(75 300 kg/hm2),output value(40 662 yuan/hm2),and profit(17 220 yuan/hm2)in the CK were the lowest.The profit in the FZT_ZY treatment(25 220 yuan/hm2)was the highest.The rhizosphere soil pH in Q_ZY treatment was 6.65%lower than that of the basic soil(4.96)while that in the CK was 18.35%lower than that of the basic soil,showing the best acid-resistance effect in the FZT_ZY treatment.[Conclusion]Deep tillage+filter mud+optimized fertilization+sugarcane leaf returning(ZT_ZY)and deep tillage+composted filter mud+optimized fertilization+sugarcane leaf returning(FZT_ZY)showed advantages in promoting the early growth and the later yield formation of sugarcane,were the optimal cultivation modes that took into account the high yield,high economic benefit and soil sustainability,and could be promot-ed for application in southern acidic sugarcane production areas.关键词
甘蔗/深耕/蔗叶还田/根域改良/生长/酸化阻控Key words
Sugarcane/deep tillage/sugarcane leaf returning to the field/root domain im-provement/sugarcane growth/acidification control分类
农业科学引用本文复制引用
苏利荣,何铁光,曾成城,秦芳,李琴,李方圆,彭嘉宇,区惠平,汪羽宁,曾艳..深耕和蔗叶还田根域改良对酸化蔗地甘蔗生长和酸化阻控的效果[J].农业研究与应用,2025,38(6):536-548,13.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD0201100) （2022YFD0201100）
广西科技计划项目(桂AB24010113) （桂AB24010113）
广西壮族自治区农业科学院基本科研业务专项(2021YT041) （2021YT041）
科技先锋队"强农富民""六个一"专项行动(桂农科盟202513). （桂农科盟202513）
