河南农业科学2025，Vol.54Issue(11)：40-49,10.DOI:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.11.005
不同施硒方式对胡麻生理特性、产量和品质的影响
Effects of Different Selenium Application Methods on Physiological Characteristics,Yield and Quality of Flax
摘要
Abstract
To explore the optimal selenium application method for flax,Tongya 16(TY16)and Jinya 10(JY10)were used as test materials.Seven treatments were set up:a control(CK,seeds not coated with Na2SeO3 and no foliar selenium sprayed during the growing period),seed coating with selenium[coating 100 g seeds with 0.1 g,0.3 g,and 0.5 g Na2SeO3]and foliar selenium applications(10,50,and 90 g/ha Na2SeO3).The effects of different selenium application methods on agronomic traits,photosynthetic physiology,yield,and quality of flax were measured.The results showed that foliar spraying of selenium was overall superior to seed coating in promoting flax yield formation,improving physiological functions,and enhancing seed quality.Among them,foliar spraying with 50 g/ha Na2SeO3 had the best yield-increasing effect,raising yield by 9.64%—9.91%compared to CK,and surpassing the best seed coating treatment(100 g seeds coated with 0.3 g Na2SeO3)by 1.59%—1.64%.This yield increase mainly stemmed from increases in the number of fruits per plant and seeds per fruit.This treatment also maximized leaf net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,while significantly reduced malondialdehyde(MDA)content.In terms of selenium enrichment efficiency,foliar spraying was also remarkably effective;at 90 g/ha,the selenium content in seeds of both varieties was 18.40-25.05 times higher than in CK,whereas the highest enrichment multiple for seed coating was 14.33-22.50 times.Quality analysis showed that foliar spraying with 50 g/ha Na2SeO3 significantly enhanced the contents of linoleic acid and linolenic acid compared to seed coating treatments.Considering both yield and quality effects,foliar application of 50 g/ha Na2SeO3 is an optimal agronomic measure for achieving safe and efficient biofortification of flax.关键词
胡麻/施硒方式/叶面喷施/拌种/生理特性/产量/品质Key words
Flax/Selenium application method/Foliar spraying/Seed dressing/Physiological characteristics/Yield/Quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王文霞,谢安琦,夏清,智慧,杜杰..不同施硒方式对胡麻生理特性、产量和品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2025,54(11):40-49,10.基金项目
山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2023L377) （2023L377）
吕梁市高层次科技人才计划项目(2023RC20) （2023RC20）
山西省青年科学基金项目(202203021222320) （202203021222320）
