西部人居环境学刊2025，Vol.40Issue(5)：59-66,8.DOI:10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240920004
基于更新全过程碳排放评估的既有住区层级改造策略研究
Research on hierarchical retrofitting strategies for existing residential areas based on lifecycle carbon emission assessment:Taking typical cities in hot summer and warm winter areas as an example
摘要
Abstract
Existing residential areas constitute a substantial proportion of China's urban building stock.Due to historically low design standards,insufficient construction quality,and performance degradation over time,these neighborhoods exhibit significant carbon emission problems.Under the framework of China's"dual carbon"goals—peaking carbon emissions before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060—the low-carbon retrofitting of existing residential communities has become urgent.Nevertheless,most current research focus narrowly on single buildings and emphasize operational energy emissions,while neglecting the full lifecycle of retrofitting interventions.Moreover,the interactions between buildings,environmental conditions,and retrofit strategies across different types of communities remain underexplored.To bridge these gaps,this study selects Guangzhou and Shenzhen—two representative cities in the hot-summer and warm-winter region—as case sites.Through large-scale field surveys and statistical analysis of 664 residential communities built in the 1980s-1990s,three representative residential typologies were extracted:row layouts,enclosed layouts,and scattered layouts.Based on policy frameworks,standard references,and actual retrofit cases,a hierarchical retrofit strategy system was proposed,consisting of basic,improved,and advanced levels.The basic strategy focuses on essential envelope repairs and small-scale outdoor enhancements;the improved strategy adds systematic livability upgrades,such as road expansion,shading,and green space optimization;and the advanced strategy emphasizes deep retrofits with renewable energy integration,multifunctional facilities,and ecological improvements.A full-process carbon emission evaluation model was then established,incorporating three dimensions:1)carbon emissions during the renovation stage,including material production,transport,and on-site construction;2)carbon emissions during the operational stage,based on building energy consumption with photovoltaic(PV)substitution;3)carbon sequestration from enhanced green spaces within residential areas.Two evaluation indicators were introduced to quantify retrofit effectiveness:the carbon payback period,defined as the years required for operational savings and sequestration to offset renovation-phase emissions;and the carbon reduction potential,reflecting the long-term emission mitigation capacity of a strategy.Together,these indicators enable both short-term feasibility and long-term effectiveness to be assessed.The results demonstrate four main findings.First,different retrofit levels lead to distinct carbon emission profiles across lifecycle stages.As retrofit levels increase,emissions during the renovation stage rise significantly due to larger material use and construction activities,while operational emissions fall and sequestration benefits improve.Lifecycle assessment is therefore essential for balancing short-term carbon costs with long-term environmental gains.Second,renovation-phase emissions are dominated by building material production,which accounts for over 90％of total renovation emissions.Third,synergies between envelope performance upgrades and photovoltaic integration are highly effective.Retrofits focused on thermal insulation,glazing replacement,and airtightness improvements alone reduce operational carbon emissions by 8％～18％compared with pre-retrofit baselines.When rooftop PV systems are added under advanced strategies,operational emission reductions rise by 15％～25％beyond improved strategies,with PV contributing up to 82％of the savings.This demonstrates that deep decarbonization relies on the combined application of passive envelope measures and active renewable technologies.Fourth,optimal retrofit pathways vary significantly by residential typology.Row layouts,with relatively high façade exposure,achieve the best balance through improved-level strategies,with a carbon payback period of 2.19 years and stable reduction benefits.Enclosed layouts,which exhibit lower baseline energy demand and greater green space potential,are best suited to basic-level strategies,achieving rapid returns(2.22 years)with minimal investment.Scattered layouts,characterized by building diversity and decentralized forms,are most compatible with advanced strategies.Although they have the longest payback period(5.32 years),they yield the highest long-term carbon reduction potential at 26.5％,representing the strongest contribution to lifecycle mitigation.This study makes three key contributions.Methodologically,it develops a comprehensive lifecycle carbon evaluation model that integrates renovation,operational,and ecological dimensions,thus overcoming the limitations of operational-only approaches.Strategically,it provides a hierarchical retrofit framework that systematically links building-level upgrades,energy-system optimization,and community-level ecological measures.Practically,it demonstrates that typology-based differentiation is essential:only by tailoring retrofit strategies to the spatial and morphological characteristics of different residential types,can balanced and sustainable carbon reduction be achieved.In conclusion,this research establishes a"residential typology—hierarchical strategy—lifecycle carbon assessment"framework to support differentiated,sustainable retrofit pathways for existing residential areas in hot-summer and warm-winter regions.The findings provide scientific decision-making support and technical guidance for policymakers,planners,and practitioners engaged in urban residential retrofitting.Beyond the Chinese context,the results also offer transferable insights into sustainable housing renewal,enriching the global knowledge base for achieving carbon-neutral urban development.关键词
既有住区更新/层级化改造/全过程碳排放/住区基本单元提取/改造策略比选Key words
renewal of existing residential areas/hierarchical transformation/whole process carbon emission/basic unit extraction of residential area/comparison and selection of transformation strategies分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
何玥儿,徐明蕊,钟鸿峰,范悦..基于更新全过程碳排放评估的既有住区层级改造策略研究[J].西部人居环境学刊,2025,40(5):59-66,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52308105、52178020) （52308105、52178020）
亚热带建筑与城市科学全国重点实验室重点项目(2025ZA03) （2025ZA03）
