西部人居环境学刊2025，Vol.40Issue(5)：222-229,8.DOI:10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240519001
贵州省传统村寨空间分布特征及影响因素研究
Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of traditional villages in Guizhou
摘要
Abstract
Traditional villages are important spatial units of urban system,a key area for rural revitalization,and a spatial carriers of the Chinese traditional culture.However,the development of traditional villages in western China lags behind that in eastern China for a long time,due to the comprehensive impact of many factors such as history,culture,economy,and nature.In addition,in the context of industrialization and rapid urbanization,traditional villages are faced with challenges such as unreasonable industrial structure,damage to the ecological environment,low residents'income,and imperfect infrastructure.Therefore,the transformation development of traditional villages in western China is an important task of promoting rural revitalization and regional coordinated development,as well as an important measure to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation efforts.In the context of the high-quality development in China,a systematic research of the spatial characteristics and impact mechanisms of traditional villages has both theoretical and practical value for traditional villages.Guizhou is selected as a typical case in this study.Guizhou is an economically underdeveloped but rapidly developing province in western China.The number of traditional villages in Guizhou ranks second in China,and it has typical regional characteristics and distinctive ethnic cultural characteristics.Based on the 757 traditional villages in Guizhou Province that are listed in the list of Chinese traditional villages,this study applies integrative research methods including geographic concentration index,variation coefficient,kernel density analysis,and Geodetector to identify the spatial pattern and potential influencing factors of traditional villages in Guizhou based on the ArcGIS10.2 and SPSS software.The results of this study are as follows.First,the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Guizhou Province shows a characteristics of"large agglomeration,high cohesion,small dispersion",with Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture as the main core,Anshun City and Tongren City as the secondary core.Second,the factors influencing this spatial pattern of the traditional villages in Guizhou are diverse.Especially,natural geographical factors such as elevation,slope,river system,average annual precipitation,and average annual temperature have a greater impact on the distribution of traditional villages.Social and economic factors,such as Per capita GDP,road density,population density,and elevation are negatively correlated with the distribution of villages.The per capita GDP has the highest correlation.Average annual temperature and precipitation are positively correlated with the distribution of villages,and both have strong correlations.Finnaly,the results of the Geodetection analysis show that natural geographical factors are the main influencing factors for the distribution of traditional villages in Guizhou Province,but the influence of each factor is manifested as bi-factor enhancement or non-linear enhancement.The combined effect of natural geographical factors such as DEM,slope,average annual precipitation,and average annual temperature with social factors such as per capita GDP,population density,and road density is far greater than that of a single factor.Through exploring the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of 757 traditional villages in Guizhou Province,it is found that most villages in Guizhou Province are located in areas with low traffic network density,sparse population,and economically underdeveloped regions.Although traditional villages have preserved relatively intact human features and spatial forms,they also limit the development of traditional villages.This study proposes the targeted optimization paths based on the current development situation of traditional villages in Guizhou,including further improving the transportation network around the village to improve transportation accessibility;Improving infrastructure and public services in traditional villages,developing the tourism industry of characteristic villages,promoting the classified development of traditional villages in context of local conditions.This study does not only provide decision-making reference for the development of traditional villages in Guizhou,but also enriches the knowledge system of traditional villages development.关键词
传统村寨/空间格局/影响因素/贵州Key words
traditional villages/spatial pattern/influencing factors/Guizhou Province分类
地理科学引用本文复制引用
程哲,王敏,黄安..贵州省传统村寨空间分布特征及影响因素研究[J].西部人居环境学刊,2025,40(5):222-229,8.基金项目
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑〔2023〕一般113) （黔科合支撑〔2023〕一般113）
国家自然科学基金面上项目(42271185) （42271185）
