中国兽医杂志2025，Vol.61Issue(11)：1-8,8.DOI:10.20157/j.cnki.zgsyzz.2025.11.001
宁夏地区禽流感病毒流行生态与基因演化
Epidemiology and Genetic Evolution of Avian Influenza Virus in Ningxia,China
摘要
Abstract
To elucidate the epidemiological characteristics of avian influenza virus(AIV)and the evolutionary patterns of its hemagglutinin(HA)gene in Ningxia,and to provide a scientific basis for early warning and prevention of avian influenza in this region,this study combined data from the Third National Land Survey,the National Forestry and Grassland Administration,the Ningxia Statistical Yearbook(2023),and results from field investigations.Using QGIS software,spatial distribution maps of wetland resources,poultry farming,and live poultry markets were generated,and the resource characteristics of migratory bird species were analyzed.Metadata of AIV isolates from Ningxia were retrieved from public databases to analyze subtype composition and host distribution.HA gene sequences of H9 and H5 AIV subtypes were obtained to construct phylogenetic trees and explore genetic evolutionary characteristics.Outbreak data of highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)in Ningxia were also collected and analyzed.The results showed that Ningxia has abundant wetland resources with diverse migratory and resident bird species.Poultry farming is concentrated in the central region,while live poultry markets are mostly distributed in the northern region,with many operating outdoors and commonly practicing multi-species mixed farming and trading.Among AIV isolates in Ningxia,H9 and H5 subtypes dominated,accounting for 83.0%(303/365)and 13.7%(50/365),respectively.H9 AIV was primarily hosted by chickens(83.8%,254/303),whereas H5 AIV was mainly associated with wild birds(72.0%,36/50).Phylogenetic analysis of the HA gene indicated that AIV strains in Ningxia are highly homologous to those in other parts of China,suggesting clear evidence of cross-regional transmission and genetic exchange.Between 2005 and 2021,multiple HPAI outbreaks occurred in Ningxia,mostly caused by H5N1 AIV,resulting in large-scale poultry deaths and culling,while H7N9 and H5N8 subtypes also triggered outbreaks.In summary,migratory bird movements and live poultry trade jointly drive AIV circulation in Ningxia.Enhanced monitoring in key areas,improved vaccine matching,and strengthened biosecurity management in poultry farms are recommended to improve avian influenza prevention and control capacity in the region.关键词
禽流感病毒(AIV)/宁夏/流行生态/基因演化Key words
avian influenza virus(AIV)/Ningxia/epidemiology/genetic evolution分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
缪西鹏,李知新,鲁宏伟,余梦琦,蒲娟,刘金华..宁夏地区禽流感病毒流行生态与基因演化[J].中国兽医杂志,2025,61(11):1-8,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金重大项目(32192450) （32192450）
国家重点研发计划(2022YFF0802403) （2022YFF0802403）
宁夏自然科学基金项目(2022AAC02071) （2022AAC02071）
