农业机械学报2025，Vol.56Issue(11)：212-222,11.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2025.11.020
油菜毯状苗移栽机切缝-栽插装置优化设计与试验
Optimal Design and Experiment of Furrow-cutting and Planting Mechanism for Rapeseed Blanket Seedling Transplanter
摘要
Abstract
Aiming to address the challenges of seedling lodging,unstable planting depth,and inconsistent planting quality during high-speed operations of rapeseed blanket seedling transplanter,a novel flat-bed furrow-cutting and aligned planting method was proposed.The primary shape parameters of the planting furrow were determined based on the planting needle and seedling block parameters.Mechanical resistance test during seedling block insertion into furrow obtained the dynamic variations of soil resistance acting on the seedling block.Dynamic analysis of the seedling-pushing process into furrow revealed the interaction mechanisms between the planting mechanism,soil,and seedlings during transplantation.Ultimately,the critical parameter ranges affecting planting quality were determined.Utilizing a soil bin test-bed,a quadratic orthogonal combination experiment was designed with three critical factors:furrow cone angle(X1),seedling-pushing spring stiffness coefficient(X2),and planting frequency(X3).Planting depth qualification rate and seedling uprightness rate were selected as evaluation indices.Experimental results demonstrated that the optimal performance was obtained when X1=70°,X2=2.32 N/mm,and X3=280 hills/min,achieving 99.56％planting depth qualification rate and 91.55％seedling uprightness rate.To validate the operational performance of the furrow-cutting and planting mechanism,the field validation tests were conducted with an improved prototype.The results showed that the planting depth qualification rate was 97.76％,the seedling uprightness rate was 92.22％,the planting qualification rate was 91.84％.The planting quality was significantly improved before optimization.关键词
移栽机/油菜毯状苗/切缝装置/栽插装置/栽深/立苗Key words
transplanter/rapeseed blanket seedling/furrow-cutting mechanism/planting mechanism/planting depth/seedling uprightness分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
蒋兰,汤庆,吴崇友,吴俊,朱庭伟,王吉轩..油菜毯状苗移栽机切缝-栽插装置优化设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2025,56(11):212-222,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2001001)、中国博士后科学基金项目(2023M740866)、江苏省农机新装备新技术研发与推广项目(NJ2024-01)、江苏省现代农机装备与技术推广项目(NJ2024-20)和江苏省工业和信息产业转型升级专项资金项目 （2023YFD2001001）
