重庆医学2025，Vol.54Issue(11)：2481-2486,2491,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-8348.2025.11.001
5岁以下先天性心脏病患儿术后营养不良的影响因素分析
Analysis of risk factors for malnutrition in children under 5 years old after congenital heart disease surgery
摘要
Abstract
Objective To analyze the incidence and influencing factors of postoperative malnutrition in children under 5 years old with congenital heart disease.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 103 children under 5 years old with congenital heart disease who underwent open-heart rad-ical surgery at the hospital from August 2019 to December 2020.Age-specific height Z-scores(HAZ),age-spe-cific weight Z-scores(WAZ),and weight-for-height Z-scores(WHZ)were calculated.Malnutrition was de-fined as any Z-score<-2.Based on nutritional status,patients were divided into a malnutrition group and a normal nutrition group.Preoperative differences between the two groups in different age periods were com-pared,and nutritional status was followed up at 1,3,and 6 months postoperatively to analyze the influencing factors for postoperative malnutrition.Results Among 103 pediatric patients,42 had preoperative malnutri-tion,with a malnutrition incidence of 40.8%.The incidence of malnutrition decreased to 24.3%(25/103)six months after surgery.At one month postoperatively,HAZ,WAZ,and WHZ decreased compared with preoper-ative values across different age groups,while they increased at three and six months postoperatively;howev-er,only the WHZ in the toddler group showed a statistically significant difference compared to preoperative values(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that preoperative malnutrition was a risk factor for malnutrition six months after surgery(P<0.05),whereas age stage had no effect on postoperative malnutrition at six months(P>0.05).Conclusion Children with congenital heart disease generally suffer from malnutrition before surgery,and early identification and intervention should be carried out to promote their growth and development.关键词
儿童/先天性心脏病/营养不良/术后随访/危险因素Key words
children/congenital heart disease/malnutrition/postoperative follow-up/risk factors分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
黄金秋,路发文,史红蕊,杨菊先..5岁以下先天性心脏病患儿术后营养不良的影响因素分析[J].重庆医学,2025,54(11):2481-2486,2491,7.基金项目
云南省科技计划项目(202405AJ310003). （202405AJ310003）
