铁道科学与工程学报2025，Vol.22Issue(11)：4870-4878,9.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20250201
列车前排座椅倾角对乘员颈部损伤的分析
Analysis of front seat inclination angle in trains on neck injury to occupants
摘要
Abstract
In railway train collision accidents,the secondary collision with the front seat is the primary cause of neck injuries to occupants.To investigate the impact and mechanism of front seat inclination angle on neck injuries in train occupants,a finite element simulation model of a 50th adult male digital dummy was calibrated using cadaver experiment data,verifying its biological fidelity.Subsequently,based on the second-class seats of a high-speed train unit,a typical finite element simulation model of the seat-occupant secondary collision was established.Using an 8g crash pulse from American standards as the boundary condition for simulation calculations,the neck collision posture responses of occupants under different seat inclination angles,as well as the injury data of vertebrae,intervertebral discs,and ligaments,were obtained.The research results indicate that the inclination angle of the front seats can significantly affect the collision posture and position of the occupants'head and neck,leading to variations in the severity of neck injuries.As front seat inclination angle increases,the collision position of the occupants'head with the front seats gradually shifts from the forehead to the tip of the nose.The degree of vertebral injury can exhibit a trend of decreasing first and then increasing.The injury to the intervertebral discs is primarily influenced by neck extension,showing a trend of decreasing-increasing-decreasing.The injury to ligaments is related to the collision position and posture of the occupants'head and neck.Excessive bending of the neck can lead to injuries in the posterior longitudinal ligament,ligamenta flava,and interspinous ligaments,while excessive extension can cause damage to the anterior longitudinal ligament.A curve representing the relationship between seat inclination angle and neck injury is established through fitting analysis of the occupants'neck injury data.The final results show that when the inclination angle of the train's front seats is within the range of 6° to 16°.The neck injuries sustained by the occupants are relatively minor.The experimental results can provide certain references for the design of train seats.关键词
二次碰撞/数字假人/颈部损伤/座椅倾角/仿真试验Key words
secondary impact/digital dummies/neck injury/seat inclination angle/simulation test分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
孙彦彬,丁越..列车前排座椅倾角对乘员颈部损伤的分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2025,22(11):4870-4878,9.基金项目
中国中车股份有限公司科技研究开发计划(2021CKB030) （2021CKB030）
