茶叶学报2025，Vol.66Issue(4)：36-44,9.DOI:10.20045/j.cnki.issn.2096-0220.2025.04.004
茶树修剪枝叶代料栽培对灵芝生长、营养成分及经济效益的影响分析
Optimized Addition of Tea Bush Pruning Waste in Ganoderma lucidum Culture Substrate
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Use of waste material from tea bush pruning in formulating substrate for cultivating Ganoderma lucidum was optimized based on the resulting mushroom development,quality,and operation economy.[Method]Cut branches and leaves collected from tea bush pruning were added at equal mass proportion of 20%(PF-1),40%(PF-2),60%(PF-3),80%(PF-4),100%(PF-5),or 0%(CK)to replace wood chips in the conventional culture substrate for cultivating herbal mushroom G.lucidum.Under the same cultivation conditions,growth,quality,and input-output of mushroom fruiting bodies harvested under the treatments were determined for comparison.[Result](1)On mushroom morphology and operational economy:G.lucidum cultivated on the substrates of treatments grew normally without deformities but the normal bright red color like CK.The mycelia developed the fastest under PF-5 at a rate of 0.99 mm·d-1,which differed significantly from those under CK or PF-1(P<0.05).PF-1 produced the most-appealing fruiting bodies with the cap length,width,and thickness increased by 27.22%,18.50%,and 9.77%,respectively,over CK and a highest 16.59%single-bag yield of 59.46 g·bag-1 among all(P<0.05).In addition,the various treatments improved the cultivation biological efficiency(BE)by 25.07-31.66%over CK,with PF-1 boosting to the highest level at 4.99%.(2)On nutrients in fruiting body:The crude fat,polysaccharides,triterpenes,and sterols were higher under the treatment than CK but not significantly different between the treatments(P>0.05);the crude protein,lowered under PF-4 and PF-5(P<0.05);and the crude fiber,significantly higher under PF-4(P<0.05)but only slightly under PF-5.(3)On amino acids:The contents of essential amino acids(EAA)in the treatment samples were 0.16-5.05 times of CK,with the highest found in those harvested from PF-4;the EAA/total AA(TAA)and EAA/non-essential AA(NAA)ratios,0.18-1.53 times and 0.18-2.3 times,respectively,of CK;the umami,sweet,and bitter AAs(except PF-5),as well as the aromatic AAs,higher than those under CK;and the greatest umami AA/bitter AAs ratio,existed in the sample under PF-3,while the sweet AAs/aromatic AAs,in that under PF-4.(4)On financial analysis:The input-output ratios of the treatments were 81.87-115.69%higher than those of CK(P<0.05),but not significantly different among the treatments(P>0.05)[Conclusion]Taking nutrient contents,amino acid indexes,and economic evaluation into considerations,PF-4,which substituted 80%of wood chips with the bush pruning discards from tea plantations for G.lucidum cultivation,appeared to be the formulation of choice.关键词
茶树/修剪枝叶/替代率/灵芝/经济性状/营养成分/投入产出比Key words
Tea bushes/pruning waste/replacement rate/Ganoderma lucidum/yield/nutrient content/input-output ratio分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
朱留刚,孙君,林清霞,余海燕,余长城,张文锦..茶树修剪枝叶代料栽培对灵芝生长、营养成分及经济效益的影响分析[J].茶叶学报,2025,66(4):36-44,9.基金项目
福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研项目—竞争性项目(2023R1091). （2023R1091）
