大豆科学2025，Vol.44Issue(6)：27-34,8.DOI:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2025.06.0027
呼伦贝尔市大豆生产现状、问题分析及可持续发展策略
Analysis of Soybean Production in Hulunbuir:Current Issues and Strategies for Sustainable Development
摘要
Abstract
As a core soybean-producing region at high latitudes in northern China,Hulunbuir recorded an average annual planting area of 0.838 8 million hectares and a total output of 1.581 8 million tons from 2015 to 2024.However,its soybean industry faces multiple constraints:stagnant yield growth,diminishing returns from technological interventions,high policy dependency,weak market resilience,aggravated continuous cropping obstacles and soil sustainability issues,narrow genetic diversity,low adoption rates of new cultivars,limited application of cultivation techniques,insufficient scale production,restricted area expansion,and underdeveloped industrial chains,all hindering sustainable development.Analysis of soybean production during 2015-2024 reveals a dual-driver growth pattern(area expansion+yield increase)until 2020.The sharp decline in planting area in 2021 marked a turning point,shifting the growth model from coordinated"area-yield synergy"to yield-led intensive growth.With declining yield efficiency,overall production growth has slowed.While the number of promoted cultivars surged to 179,only 18 covered over 10 000 hectares,indicating low large-scale adoption of new varieties.To address these challenges,multidimensional strategies are proposed:(1)Strengthen stress-resistant breeding using gene editing for cold/drought-tolerant varieties and establish a regional germplasm resource bank;(2)Implement crop rotation and soil remediation to overcome continuous cropping obstacles;(3)Broaden genetic diversity through distant hybridization and genomic sequencing for optimized parental selection;(4)Promote scaled operations by upgrading agricultural machinery,developing small precision equipment leasing,and building precision irrigation networks(targeting≥50%effective irrigation rate);(5)Extend industrial chains via deep processing of soybean protein,creating geographical indication brands,and establishing a"Policy+Insurance+Order Farming"model to mitigate market risks.This provides a reference for boosting soybean production capacity in Hulunbuir.关键词
呼伦贝尔市/大豆生产现状/问题分析/可持续发展策略Key words
Hulunbuir/soybean production status/problem analysis/sustainable development strategies引用本文复制引用
冯雷,张琪,宋伟,孙如建,郭荣起,胡兴国,孙宾成,柴燊..呼伦贝尔市大豆生产现状、问题分析及可持续发展策略[J].大豆科学,2025,44(6):27-34,8.基金项目
内蒙古自治区农牧业青年创新基金项目(2024QNJJN10) （2024QNJJN10）
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2023DXZD0001) （2023DXZD0001）
内蒙古自治区大豆育种联合攻关项目(YZ2023005) （YZ2023005）
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项项目(CARS-04-CES01). （CARS-04-CES01）
