渔业研究2025，Vol.47Issue(6)：695-705,11.DOI:10.14012/j.jfr.2025097
鱼类锥体虫病研究进展
Recent advances in fish trypanosomiasis
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Fish trypanosomiasis,caused by the blood parasite Trypanosoma spp.,can infect both freshwater and marine fish around the world.With some sudden outbursts of fish trypanosomiasis in aquacul-ture recently,there are huge economic losses.This article aims to summarize all available information about fish trypanosomiasis in order to provide suggestions for controlling and preventing it.[Analysis]This review high-lights the recent progress on studying taxonomy,prevalence,pathogenesis,and control of trypanosome.Instead of old characters for classification,molecular systematics and multi-locus gene analyses are favored.Studies in epidemiology indicate that fish trypanosomiasis affect a diverse array of hosts,such as Cyprinidae,Percidae,and Cichlidae,with varying levels of parasitemia leading to anemia,injuries to various organs due to the kinds of parasite species.At the same time,specific symptoms include anemia and damage to several organs.Tryp-anosomiasis may cause immunological disorders or inflammation if these processes happen with something mis-regulated,while through expressing genes like TcaCRT calcium binding proteins(Calbindin),they avoid the use of complement to attack and thus survive the attack of host's immune systems and make a difficult survival situ-ation for the host when co-infected with other parasites.In diagnostics,conventional methods such as blood smears are being supplanted by more precise and sensitive molecular techniques,including polymerase chain re-action(PCR),fluorescent quantitation PCR(qPCR),loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP),and mul-tienzyme isothermal rapid amplification(MIRA)-colloidal gold rapid tests,which greatly improve detection cap-abilities.Even now,no effective medication and prevention approaches have been found yet.Some antimicrobi-al peptides can be used for controlling infection and creating new drugs for treating diseases because they are found in the bodies of mammal to enhance cellular immunity with effects like regulating iron levels and killing off parasites or bacteria(such as hepcidin).[Prospect]To study the mechanism of parasitic agents,investiga-tion of the genome and transcriptome can reveal molecular details that uncover the machinery enabling their sur-vival and pathogenicity.This helps identify suitable targets to eliminate pathogens without side effects and sup-ports the development of medical and diagnostic tools for better disease control.For example,target genes can be identified through knockout or knockdown using gene-editing methods such as CRISPR/Cas9,and then de-veloped into low-toxic,effective drugs or vaccines.关键词
鱼类锥体虫病/分类/致病机制/贫血/分子诊断/防控策略Key words
fish trypanosomiasis/classification/pathogenesis/anemia/molecular diagnosis/prevention and control strategy分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
覃盼,袁家豪,薛谦玺,廖碧钗,张许昕,陈新华..鱼类锥体虫病研究进展[J].渔业研究,2025,47(6):695-705,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2401001) （2022YFD2401001）
国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS47-G19) （CARS47-G19）
福建省促进海洋与渔业产业高质量发展专项(FJHYF-L-2025-15) （FJHYF-L-2025-15）
