渔业研究2025，Vol.47Issue(6)：803-812,10.DOI:10.14012/j.jfr.2025080
基于COⅠ基因的菲律宾蛤仔养殖与野生群体遗传多样性分析
Genetic diversity analysis of cultured and wild populations of Ruditapes philippinarum based on COⅠ gene
摘要
Abstract
[Background]The Manila clam(Ruditapes philippinarum)is one of the important naturally distrib-uted bivalve species in East Asia and is widely cultured in China.[Objective]This study aims to comparat-ively analyze the genetic diversity between cultured and wild populations of R.philippinarum.[Methods]A total of 162 samples from two cultured populations(Fujian,China)and three wild populations(Laizhou,China;Nampo and Haeju,the Democratic People's Republic of Korea)were analyzed by amplifying and sequencing a partial segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit Ⅰ(COⅠ)gene.[Results]Within the 646 bp COⅠ gene fragment,a total of 63 polymorphic sites were detected across five populations,defining 59 hap-lotypes.The haplotype diversity indices(Hd)ranged from 0.880 to 0.938,and nucleotide diversity indices(π)varied between 0.001 and 0.010 among the five populations.Wild populations exhibited haplotype diversity in-dices of 0.905～0.938 and nucleotide diversity values of 0.005～0.010,with 41 haplotypes identified,accounting for 69.5%of the total haplotypes.Cultured populations showed haplotype diversity of 0.880～0.902 and nucle-otide diversity of 0.001～0.006,defining 22 haplotypes,which represented 37.3%of the total haplotypes.AMOVA analysis revealed a low genetic differentiation index(0.081)between cultured and wild populations,contribution rate of variation was only 8.13%,which was not statistically significant(P>0.01).Most genetic variation(80.34%,P<0.001)originated from differences among individuals within populations.Genetic dis-tance(Fst)analyses indicated significant divergence(P<0.01)between the Democratoc People's Republic of Korea's and China's populations,while no significant differentiation was observed among other populations(P>0.01).Phylogenetic trees and network analysis showed that the five populations formed two distinct genetic clusters,primarily influenced by geographic isolation.[Conclusion]The findings suggest that aquaculture practices have not significantly affected the genetic diversity of R.philippinarum.However,wild populations exhibited higher genetic diversity and more unique haplotypes compared to cultured populations.This implies that the reduced genetic diversity in cultured populations may result from smaller effective population sizes and inbreeding within closed-cycle farming systems.The study provides valuable insights for the sustainable man-agement and genetic breeding of R.philippinarum in future aquaculture.关键词
菲律宾蛤仔/细胞色素c氧化酶第Ⅰ亚基(COⅠ)基因/遗传多样性/养殖和野生群体Key words
Ruditapes philippinarum/cytochrome c oxidase subunit Ⅰ(COⅠ)gene/genetic diversity/cultured and wild populations分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
郭香,宁岳,巫旗生,祁剑飞,叶军,吴丽云,葛辉..基于COⅠ基因的菲律宾蛤仔养殖与野生群体遗传多样性分析[J].渔业研究,2025,47(6):803-812,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFD 2401703) （2024YFD 2401703）
国家贝类产业技术体系项目(CARS-49) （CARS-49）
国家海洋水产种质资源库(2025) （2025）
福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项资金项目(FJHY-YYKJ-2024-1-13) （FJHY-YYKJ-2024-1-13）
福建省区域发展项目(2025N31010036) （2025N31010036）
