河南农业科学2025，Vol.54Issue(12)：81-90,10.DOI:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.12.009
氮磷钾镁硼肥对子莲产量和养分吸收的影响
Effects of Nitrogen,Phosphorus,Potassium,Magnesium,and Boron Fertilizers on Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Seed Lotus
摘要
Abstract
A micro-plot(2.25 m²)experiment was conducted throughout the entire growth period of seed lotus(Taikonglian No.36)to investigate the effects of major nutrients on yield and nutrient uptake.The experiment comprised seven treatments:balanced application of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,magnesium,and boron(BF);nitrogen reduction(BF-N);phosphorus reduction(BF-P);potassium reduction(BF-K);magnesium reduction(BF-Mg);boron reduction(BF-B);and a no-fertilizer control(CK).The results indicated that under the BF treatment,the seed yield and total biological yield were 398.7 g/plant and 3 473.0 g/plant,respectively.The cumulative amounts of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,magnesium,and boron were 44.1,8.9,45.5,4.8,and 0.044 g/plant,respectively.Compared with BF treatment,BF-N treatment significantly affected the growth of lotus seeds,reducing the single leaf area,petiole thickness,and leaf SPAD value(relative chlorophyll content)of lotus pods by 20.3%to 37.5%.Both BF-N and BF-K treatments significantly reduced the yield,biological total yield,and nutrient accumulation of lotus seeds,with BF-N treatment reducing 60.3%,70.0%,and 61.1%to 73.9%,respectively,and BF-K treatment reducing 23.4%,37.7%,and 26.0%to 46.8%,respectively;The effects of BF-P,BF-Mg,and BF-B treatments on lotus yield were not significant,but they significantly reduced the biological total yield of lotus by 10.0%to 13.9%.The accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium in BF-P treatment was significantly reduced by 12.2%to 18.0%,while the accumulation of various nutrients in BF-Mg treatment was significantly reduced by 11.9%to 19.7%.The boron accumulation in BF-B treatment decreased by as much as 51.5%.The effects of BF-P treatment on lotus magnesium and boron,and BF-B treatment on lotus nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,and magnesium accumulation were not significant.The contributions of effective receptacle count,average number of carples,average fruit set percentage and average single seed weight to yield were 66.7%,19.3%,3.1%and 10.9%respectively.Except for fruit setting rate,they all showed significantly positive correlation with lotus yield at the level of 0.05 or above.In summary,under the conditions of this experiment,the comprehensive effects of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,magnesium,and boron on the yield and nutrient absorption of lotus are as follows:nitrogen>potassium>magnesium>phosphorus>boron.The seasonal utilization rates of phosphorus and boron are relatively low.In practical production,it is necessary to optimize the application strategies of phosphorus and boron fertilizers.关键词
子莲/氮磷钾镁硼肥/产量/养分吸收Key words
Seed lotus/N,P,K,Mg and B fertilizer/Yield/Nutrient uptake分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李俊,倪承凡,杨良波,朱丹丹,刘冬碧,侯俊,唐记平,郑兴汶,谢仪柏,余延丰..氮磷钾镁硼肥对子莲产量和养分吸收的影响[J].河南农业科学,2025,54(12):81-90,10.基金项目
广昌县白莲产业发展中心专家工作站项目(2023-lcyzjz-002) （2023-lcyzjz-002）
