菌物研究2025，Vol.23Issue(5)：360-370,11.DOI:10.13341/j.jfr.2025.1888
灵芝真菌病害及其防治措施研究进展
Research Progress of Fungal Diseases and Disease Control in Ganoderma spp
摘要
Abstract
Ganoderma spp.are rich in active substances such as triterpenoids and polysaccharides,which have significant pharmacological activities on anti-cancer and antioxidation indicating its important value in the field of medicine.During the cultivation of Ganoderma spp.,however,factors like insufficient management of environmental sanitation,technique deficiency and continuous cropping obstacles have led to frequent occurrence of fungal diseases,which not only could cause a 30％to 60％decrease in fruiting body yield,but also might affect its medicinal value by the secondary metabolites of pathogenic bacteria,severely restricting the sustainable development of its industry.In this paper,the main fungal diseases of Ganoderma spp.reported so far both domestically and internationally have been sorted out systematically,containing Xylogone ganodermophytora,Cladobotryum mycophila,Penicillium spp.,Trichoderma spp.,Mucor spp.,Aspergillus spp.,Neurospora spp.,and Mycogone perniciosa.Clarification of infection patterns of various diseases and characterization of environmental adaptability of pathogenic bacteria were conducted.The common characteristics of strong environment adaptability and synergistic infection of pathogenic bacteria were mainly analyzed for revealing the molecular mechanism of responses by Ganoderma spp.to infection of pathogenic bacteria.Through a comparison of the actual effects and limitations of mainstream control measures resulted respectively from the physical sterilization,application of chemical fungicides,application of biocontrol bacteria,crop rotation,and sand cover cultivation,furtherore,it was found that there still existed some significant shortcomings in the standardization of pathogen identification,understanding of interacting mechanisms of host and pathogen,and damage evaluation of diseases on active ingredients of Ganoderma spp.in the current researches.Thereafter,it is urgent to establish a disease information database and standardized diagnostic system of Ganoderma spp.for promoting and strengthening the process of systematic classification of pathogen resources,breeding of disease resistant varieties,technology development of green prevention and control,conduction of disease risk assessment and association researches between climate and ecological factors,which should help the sustainable development of Ganoderma spp.industry.关键词
灵芝/真菌病害/防治措施/病原菌Key words
Ganoderma spp./fungal disease/prevention measures/pathogen分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
郝宇凡,胡惠萍,郭慧阳,何诗淇,施心雨,刘远超,姜明..灵芝真菌病害及其防治措施研究进展[J].菌物研究,2025,23(5):360-370,11.基金项目
国家重点研发项目(2023YFF1000804),广东特支计划项目(NYQN2024016),中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(2022-GD-5),黑龙江省属高校基本科研业务费重点项目(1453ZD027),牡丹江师范学院科研项目(MNUYB202301) （2023YFF1000804）
