解放军医学院学报2025，Vol.46Issue(9)：840-847,8.DOI:10.12435/j.issn.2095-5227.25040703
2014-2023年老年恶性肿瘤疾病谱变化与共病特征的多中心研究
Changes in disease spectrum and comorbidity characteristics of malignant tumors in the elderly from 2014 to 2023:A multicenter study
焦润达 1刘家麒 2刘建超 3井雅敏 4黄一湘 1刘丽华3
作者信息
- 1. 解放军总医院研究生院,北京 100853||解放军总医院医学创新研究部,北京 100853
- 2. 解放军总医院研究生院,北京 100853
- 3. 解放军总医院医学创新研究部,北京 100853
- 4. 北京卫戍区海淀第十六退休干部休养所门诊部,北京 100089
- 折叠
摘要
Abstract
Background Malignant tumors are one of the major diseases threatening the health of the elderly,and there is relatively little research on the overall disease spectrum of the elderly population both domestically and internationally.Objective To analyze the disease spectrum and comorbidities of hospitalized elderly patients(≥60 years)with malignant tumors,so as to offer insights for optimizing cancer prevention and treatment strategies in this population.Methods The medical record homepage data of elderly(≥60 years)malignant tumor inpatients were collected from 8 tertiary Grade-A hospitals affiliated to Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2014 to December 2023.Primary diagnoses were statistically analyzed using International Classification of Diseases(ICD-10)codes to examine the disease spectrum composition,gender differences,regional distribution,and comorbidity characteristics.Results A total of 230 243 patients were included.Malignant tumors of the digestive organs(43.1%)and respiratory system(22.6%)accounted for the highest proportions,showing significant gender differences(sex ratio for digestive system tumors ranged from 3.2:1 to 3.8:1).The age group of 70-80 years had the highest incidence,and lymphatic/hematopoietic system tumors had the highest fatality rate(3.8%).A decade-long trend analysis revealed a significant rise in the ranking of prostate cancer(from 13th to 7th).Regional distribution showed that the proportions of liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancers in the Northeast(25.56%)and Central-South regions(22.69%)both exceeded the national average(16.3%),while bronchus and lung malignancies ranked first in the North China region(21.74%).Cost-mortality analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between breast malignancies and mortality(r=0.39,P＜0.05).The comorbidity burden increased sharply with age—among patients aged 80 years and older,70%had five or more comorbidities,and 30%had eight or more.Conclusion Malignant tumors in the elderly are predominantly those of the digestive and respiratory systems,with variations in terms of gender,age,and region,and the phenomenon of multiple comorbidities is prominent.Different regions need to strengthen screening for high-risk diseases,optimize the diagnosis and treatment pathways for diseases with cost-mortality rates,and establish a multidisciplinary comorbidity management model.关键词
恶性肿瘤/第10次修订本《国际疾病分类》/疾病谱/老年人/多病共存/流行病学/疾病负担Key words
malignant tumors/International Classification of Diseases(ICD-10)/disease spectrum/inpatient medical record front page/multimorbidity/disease burden分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
焦润达,刘家麒,刘建超,井雅敏,黄一湘,刘丽华..2014-2023年老年恶性肿瘤疾病谱变化与共病特征的多中心研究[J].解放军医学院学报,2025,46(9):840-847,8.
