煤田地质与勘探2025，Vol.53Issue(11)：1-11,11.DOI:10.12363/issn.1001-1986.25.05.0311
煤矿井下孔中瞬变电磁矢量合成超前探测方法
A method for advance detection of underground concealed water hazards in coal mines based on borehole transient electromagnetic method and vector synthesis
摘要
Abstract
[Background]The advance detection of underground concealed water hazards in coal mines is crucial to en-suring the safe and efficient roadway tunneling.The borehole transient electromagnetic(TEM)method allows for long-distance advance detection.However,due to the limitation of the spatial structure of boreholes,currently available tech-niques can only effectively identify low-resistivity anomalies(e.g.,water-bearing structures)in the radial direction,leav-ing blind areas in the primary tunneling direction(i.e.,the axial direction of boreholes).[Objective and Method]To ad-dress this challenge,this study proposed a method for the advance detection of concealed water hazards in the axial dir-ection of boreholes using both the vector synthesis based on biorthogonal transmitter-receiver coils and a self-adaptive inversion algorithm.By designing vertical and horizontal orthogonal transmitter coils,this method excited dual-compon-ent primary fields using sequential current while collecting the time-domain signals of secondary fields in the corres-ponding direction.Based on the vector synthesis principle,data on dual-component anomaly fields extracted using the trend surface method were fused to produce multi-directional composite anomaly fields.The composite anomaly fields were then superimposed on the background field obtained from numerical simulation,yielding the total field with high signal-to-noise ratios(SNRs).This enables the fan-shaped advance detection of concealed water hazards in the axial dir-ection of boreholes.During the inversion stage,a self-adaptive regularization algorithm with physical constraints,com-bined with the main direction angle of the synthesized field,was employed to achieve the 3D imaging of low-resistivity anomalies.[Results and Conclusions]Both the numerical simulation(achieved by constructing a 3D model with a low-resistivity anomaly using the FDTD method)and the physical simulation of a 1:100-scale flume(obtained by simulating a water-bearing structure using highly conductive media)indicate that the proposed method can accurately locate the an-omaly,with the degree of match between imaging morphology and the pre-set model reaching up to 90%.The pro-posed method was applied to the detection of a water sump in a horizontal roadway of a coal mine in Shanxi Province.The water hazard target was effectively identified by comparing images captured before and after water discharge.Fur-thermore,the method was employed to detect the water accumulation range in the goaf of mining face 15101 within the coal mine based on three verification boreholes.The inversion results reveal the presence of a stable low-resistivity an-omaly zone in borehole intersection area,confirming the expansion trend of the water accumulation range in the goaf over time.The application results further demonstrate the reliability and engineering applicability of the proposed meth-od in localizing concealed water hazards.The results of this study provide effective technical support for the long-dis-tance,high-precision advance detection of underground concealed water hazards in coal mines,holding critical signific-ance for ensuring the safe coal mining of mines.关键词
钻孔瞬变电磁法/隐伏水害/超前探测/矢量合成/总场数据重构Key words
borehole transient electromagnetic(TEM)method/concealed water hazard/advance detection/vector syn-thesis/total-field data reconstruction分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
范涛,郝跃,李萍,赵睿,刘再斌,马良,李鹏,晏俊生..煤矿井下孔中瞬变电磁矢量合成超前探测方法[J].煤田地质与勘探,2025,53(11):1-11,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(42374176,42274184) （42374176,42274184）
国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFC3005601) （2022YFC3005601）
