首都经济贸易大学学报2025，Vol.27Issue(6)：96-108,13.DOI:10.13504/j.cnki.issn1008-2700.2025.06.008
自由贸易试验区建设如何提升要素配置效率?
How China's Free Trade Zones Enhance Factor Allocation Efficiency?
摘要
Abstract
Rectifying resource misallocation in the economy and society represents a nation's potential for long-term economic growth,and is the most effective pathway to enhance social welfare and ensure the optimal utilization of resources.A favorable business environment facilitates the low-cost,free flow of factors across regions and indus-tries,thereby mitigating administrative monopolies and market segmentation between regions.The functional orien-tation of free trade zones(FTZs)focuses on institutional innovation,high-standard opening up,and optimizing the business environment,which influences urban innovation development strategies and the efficiency of factor alloca-tion,consequently alleviating urban resource misallocation. To further evaluate whether the establishment of FTZs in China improves factor allocation efficiency,this study employs panel data from 277 prefecture-level cities from 2011 to 2021,treating the FTZs policy as a quasi-natural experiment to examine its impact on interregional factor allocation distortion and the underlying mechanisms.The findings are as follows: (1)Benchmark regression results indicate that the establishment of FTZs mitigates resource misallocation with-in the local region while generating positive spatial spillover effects on neighboring areas. (2)Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the policy effects are more pronounced in FTZs with higher administra-tive hierarchy and greater reliance on market-based allocation of economic resources. (3)Mechanism analysis demonstrates that FTZs enhance the business environment by fostering vibrant finan-cial markets,improving government efficiency,optimizing market mechanisms,strengthening the legal environ-ment,and promoting openness,thereby improving factor allocation efficiency. (4)Further analysis shows significant heterogeneity in capital and labor distortion.FTZs construction signifi-cantly alleviates capital distortion,which is identified as the primary cause of resource misallocation. (5)Regarding spatial effects,the improvement in resource misallocation is more substantial within the FTZs compared to neighboring regions;FTZs effectively reduce labor distortion in adjacent cities,while their impact on capital distortion exhibits a trend of"coordinated agglomeration".The conclusions provide important policy impli-cations for China in advancing a new round of regional reform,enhancing resource allocation efficiency,and promo-ting high-quality regional economic development.关键词
营商环境/要素错配/自由贸易试验区/空间溢出Key words
business environment/factor misallocation/FTZs/spatial spillover分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
颜洪平,熊凯军,许鹏..自由贸易试验区建设如何提升要素配置效率?[J].首都经济贸易大学学报,2025,27(6):96-108,13.基金项目
海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目"双循环格局下产业转移政策效应评估及演化路径研究"(725RC728) （725RC728）
国家自然科学基金地区项目"数智融合驱动战略性新兴产业互联式创新研究:基于多层复杂网络视角"(72563008) （72563008）
海南省高等学校科学研究项目"海南自贸港推动风险投资进入培育壮大高新技术产业集群路径研究"(Hnky2025-8) （Hnky2025-8）
