生物技术通报2025，Vol.41Issue(11)：28-34,7.DOI:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-0990
合成生物学在母乳寡糖合成中的应用及研究进展
Application and Research Progress of Synthetic Biology in the Synthesis of Human Milk Oligosaccharides
摘要
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides(HMOs),the third most abundant solid component in human milk after lactose and lipids,exert multiple physiological functions,including promoting infant gut health,immune development,and neurocognitive maturation.However,their natural sources are limited,and traditional chemical or enzymatic synthesis approaches suffer from complex procedures,high costs,and environmental burdens.In recent years,synthetic biology has provided a systematic solution for the efficient and sustainable production of HMOs.By employing Escherichia coli,Corynebacterium glutamicum,and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as chassis cells,researchers have achieved regeneration of sugar donors,optimization of glycosyltransferases,and modular reconstruction of metabolic pathways,resulting in fermentation titers of 141.27 g/L for 2'-fucosyllactose(2'-FL)and 56.8 g/L for 3'-sialyllactose(3'-SL),thereby accelerating industrial implementation.Meanwhile,the successful biosynthesis of structurally complex molecules such as lacto-N-fucopentaose I(LNFP I)marks the transition of HMOs research from laboratory exploration to engineering feasibility.This review summarizes the current advances and applications of synthetic biology in HMOs biosynthesis,with an emphasis on key technological bottlenecks,including insufficient donor recycling efficiency,poor enzyme stability,low host tolerance,and incomplete green manufacturing systems.Furthermore,it highlights future perspectives,suggesting that with the integration of AI-driven metabolic regulation,multi-omics analysis,and low-carbon biomanufacturing technologies,HMOs biosynthesis is poised to advance toward intelligent,precise,and sustainable production,offering new opportunities for the nutritional application of functional carbohydrates and innovation in the food industry.关键词
母乳寡糖/合成生物学/核苷酸糖供体/糖基转移酶/细胞工厂Key words
human milk oligosaccharides/synthetic biology/nucleotide sugar donor/glycosyltransferase/cell factory引用本文复制引用
胡苗苗,秦舒放..合成生物学在母乳寡糖合成中的应用及研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2025,41(11):28-34,7.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目C类(32502153) （32502153）
