天然气工业2025，Vol.45Issue(11)：94-110,17.DOI:10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2025.11.008
复杂气藏天然气提高采收率关键技术进展与展望
Key technologies for enhanced gas recovery of complex gas reservoirs:Progress and prospect
摘要
Abstract
Complex gas reservoirs represented by low-permeability tight sandstone,carbonate,and deep clastic gas reservoirs serve as the"ballast"for natural gas reserves and production in China.To enhance the gas recovery of this type of gas reservoirs,this paper adopts the concept of enhanced gas recovery(EGR)throughout the entire life cycle of gas reservoir to establish a universal gas reservoir recovery evaluation model after an in-depth analysis of the main challenges to the EGR of typical complex gas reservoirs.On the basis of the model,the relationship between microscopic production controlling factors and macroscopic EGR technologies of remaining gas is clarified.Then,to realize fine characterization and accurate production of remaining gas,the principles and application effectiveness of EGR methods and technologies are analyzed systematically from the perspective of altering energy states of gas reservoirs,improving multi-phase multi-composition fluid displacement relationships,and increasing gas reservoir productivity index.Furthermore,the development direction of EGR technologies is predicted.The following results are obtained.First,the reservoir heterogeneity,multi-scale pores and complex gas-water contact relationships of gas reservoirs jointly determine the occurrence states and types of remaining gas;as for different types of remaining gas,there is a match relationship between microscopic production mechanism and EGR technology.Second,the fundamental principles of EGR are improving reservoir connectivity,leveraging natural gas elasticity,maintaining stable gas-water displacement interface,and increasing volume replacement ratio between injected gas and natural gas,which control six macroscopic parameters related to EGR,i.e.,pressure drop sweep coefficient,pressure depletion efficiency,water invasion sweep coefficient,macroscopic water displacing gas efficiency,gas flooding sweep coefficient,and macroscopic gas displacing water efficiency.Third,the proposed EGR technical system combining"soft"sciences such as fine reservoir characterization and dynamic gas reservoir description with"hard"processes like drainage gas recovery,reservoir stimulation,well pattern optimization,gas injection and chemical injection effectively ensures stable production and production increase of complex gas reservoirs.Fourth,as residual natural gas reserves become increasingly fragmented or degraded in quality over time,the future development direction of EGR technologies involves multiple aspects of full-scale physical simulation,integrated modeling and numerical simulation,AI large model,new material and new process.In conclusion,the vital forces driving EGR of complex gas reservoirs include simulating the life-cycle development process of gas reservoirs in the framework of geology-engineering integration,preparing differentiated EGR strategies driven by AI large model,and implementing EGR technical routes supported by new materials and new processes.关键词
复杂气藏/自然衰竭/水侵/注入介质/天然气提高采收率/技术发展方向Key words
Complex gas reservoir/Natural depletion/Water encroachment/Medium injection/Enhanced gas recovery/Technical development direction分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
位云生,王军磊,郭建林,郭智,闫海军,唐海发,刘晓华,叶礼友..复杂气藏天然气提高采收率关键技术进展与展望[J].天然气工业,2025,45(11):94-110,17.基金项目
中国石油天然气股份有限公司基础性前瞻性项目"气藏采收率标定方法与复杂气藏提高采收率新技术研究"(编号:2024DJ86). （编号:2024DJ86）
