信号处理2025，Vol.41Issue(11)：1735-1749,15.DOI:10.12466/xhcl.2025.11.001
分布式天基预警雷达栅瓣杂波抑制方法研究
Research on Grating Lobe Clutter Suppression Method for Distributed Space-Based Early Warning Radar
摘要
Abstract
Distributed space-based early warning radar systems enable large-scale,high-precision space target monitoring through multi-platform collaboration,addressing the critical need for comprehensive situational awareness in modern warfare.However,while the distributed architecture enhances system performance,it introduces the technical challenge of grating lobe clutter suppression.This study systematically investigates clutter suppression methods based on the frequency division multiple-input multiple-output(FD-MIMO)technique to address this issue.First,a complete space-time echo signal model is established by analyzing the spatial geometry and operational characteristics of distributed space-based radar.The intrinsic physical mechanism by which FD-MIMO suppresses grating lobes via carrier frequency diversity is examined in detail through array pattern function analysis.Second,considering the complex electromagnetic environment in practical applications,three typical scenarios are defined based on echo correlation characteristics:(1)both clutter and target are correlated,(2)clutter is decorrelated while the target remains correlated,and(3)both clutter and target are decorrelated.Corresponding to these scenarios,three grating lobe suppression approaches are rigorously investigated:(1)space-time-frequency adaptive processing,(2)single-carrier space-time adaptive processing(STAP)cascaded with multi-carrier coherent processing,and(3)single-carrier STAP cascaded with multi-carrier non-coherent processing.The phase relationships between echoes at different carrier frequencies are mathematically derived to support these methods.Comprehensive simulations are conducted to validate the effectiveness of FD-MIMO-based grating lobe suppression.The performance of the three methods is comparatively analyzed in terms of clutter rejection capability,computational complexity,and robustness.The results demonstrate that space-time-frequency adaptive processing achieves the best overall performance and highest robustness,albeit with high computational cost and strict echo correlation requirements.In contrast,single-carrier STAP with multi-carrier coherent processing offers near-optimal performance while maintaining lower computational complexity and looser requirements on clutter correlation,making it more suitable for practical engineering applications.This study provides both fundamental theoretical support and practical engineering guidance for designing distributed space-based early warning radar systems.The findings confirm that FD-MIMO techniques effectively mitigate grating lobe effects while offering flexible implementation options that balance performance and complexity.The proposed framework is a valuable reference for future developments in advanced space surveillance architectures.关键词
分布式系统/载频分集/栅瓣杂波抑制Key words
distributed system/frequency diversity/grating lobe clutter suppression分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
沈伟,段克清,解虎,王晓戈..分布式天基预警雷达栅瓣杂波抑制方法研究[J].信号处理,2025,41(11):1735-1749,15.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(61871397)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61871397) （61871397）
