中国草地学报2025，Vol.47Issue(11)：15-27,13.DOI:10.16742/j.zgcdxb.20250120
4种禾本科牧草的核型研究与系统进化分析
Karyotype and Phylogenetic Analysis of Four Forage Species in the Poaceae(Gramineous)Family
摘要
Abstract
This study focused on root tips from four forage species in the Poaceae(Gramineous)family,including three accessions of Leymus chinensis(No.16,No.22 and No.45),one of Elytrigia repens(L2),two of Leymus seca-linus(Q16 and D51),and three of Psathyrostachys juncea(X8,X19 and P24),with three individual plants examined per accession.The effects of sampling time,pretreatment reagents,and pretreatment time on chromosome preparation were investigated by the conventional root tip squashing method.Additionally,karyotype analysis and phylogenetic analy-sis were conducted.The results showed that:(1)The optimal sampling time was 9:00 to 11:00,with the highest fre-quency of both division cells and metaphase cells.A 36-hour pretreatment with ice-water mixture treatment significantly increased the proportion of metaphase cells and demonstrated wider applicability.High-quality chromosome preparation with better dispersion were obtained from root tips subjected to hydrolysis in 1 mol hydrochloric acid(HCl)for 20 min,soften in 45%acetic acid for 60 min,and hypotonic in distilled water for 30 min.(2)The karyotype formulas of Leymus chinensis accessions 16,22 and 45 were 2n=4x=28=22m(1SAT)+6sm,2n=4x=28=20m(2SAT)+8sm and 2n=4x=28=22m(4SAT)+6sm,respectively.Those of Elytrigia repens L2 and Leymus secalinus accessions Q16 and D51 were 2n=4x=28=22m(2SAT)+6sm,2n=4x=28=24m(4SAT)+4sm(2SAT)and 2n=4x=28=24m+4sm,respectively.Psathyrostachys junceav accessions P24 is 2n=2x=14=12m+2sm and X8 is 2n=2x=14=10m+4sm,and that of Psathyrostachys juncea X19 is 2n=2x=14=10m+4sm.(3)All accessions exhibited a 2A karyotype.Psathyrostachys juncea X19,with the largest average arm ratio and karyotype asymmetry coefficient,was identified as the most highly evolved.In contrast,Elytrigia repens L2 was the least evolved.Accessions No.16 and No.45 of Leymus chinensis,and accessions No.Q16 and No.D51 of Leymus secalinus,showed closer genetic relationships within their respective speices.关键词
禾本科牧草/染色体制片/核型分析/系统进化Key words
Poaceae(Gramineous)forage/Chromosome preparation/Karyotype analysis/Phyloge-netic analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李思玉,娜娜,田春育,宫文龙,武自念,李志勇,杨艳婷..4种禾本科牧草的核型研究与系统进化分析[J].中国草地学报,2025,47(11):15-27,13.基金项目
呼和浩特市科技创新领域人才项目(2022RC-产研院-1) （2022RC-产研院-1）
内蒙古自治区种业科技创新重大示范工程"揭榜挂帅"项目(2022JBGS0014) （2022JBGS0014）
内蒙古自治区中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2022ZY0023) （2022ZY0023）
