中国草地学报2025，Vol.47Issue(11)：72-81,10.DOI:10.16742/j.zgcdxb.20250108
黄土丘陵区旱作苜蓿田间晾晒干燥速率与营养物质变化对主要环境因素的响应
Responses of Drying Rate and Nutrient Changes in Alfalfa to Major Environmental Factors in the Loess Hilly Region
摘要
Abstract
To elucidate the drying dynamics and nutrient depletion in alfalfa(Medicago sativa)following harvest and to identify the major environmental factors influencing hay drying,alfalfa samples from different cut-ting stages were collected at regular intervals to measure plant water content and key nutrient components.Con-currently,meteorological parameters and soil moisture were monitored to examine the relationships among dry-ing rate,nutrient variation,and primary environmental factors during the drying process.The results showed that:(1)The physiological drying stage accounted for 20.83%—47.75%of the total natural drying process,while the biochemical drying stage had a greater impact on overall drying time.During the physiological drying stage,drying rates followed the order:leaves>whole plant>stems,whereas during biochemical drying stage,the order was stems>whole plant>leaves.(2)The contents of crude protein(CP),water-soluble carbohy-drates(WSC),ether extract(EE),and relative feed value(RFV)decreased throughout the drying process(including the beginning and end of drying,and both physiological and biochemical drying stages),while crude ash,neutral detergent fiber(NDF),and acid detergent fiber(ADF)contents increased.The magni-tude of nutrient loss or accumulation showed a non-linear change with drying duration.Losses of EE,RFV,WSC or gains of crude ash,NDF,and ADF,mainly occurred during the physiological stage,with loss rates of 56.17%—68.76%and gain rates of 51.05%—59.52%.CP loss primarily occurred during the biochemical drying stage,accounting for 62.00%and 55.21%of total loss.(3)Air temperature,solar radia-tion intensity,and wind speed were identified as the keys environmental factors influencing the drying rate of alfalfa,while air temperature,wind speed,relative air humidity,and soil water content of 0-10 cm depth were the primary factors affecting nutrient composition.Higher air temperature,solar radiation,and wind speed accelerated alfalfa drying and reduced CP,EE and RFV loss rates.Both air temperature and drying rate were significantly(P<0.05)positively correlated with crude ash content,while wind speed showed the oppo-site trend.关键词
苜蓿/旱作/环境因素/自然干燥/干燥速率/营养品质Key words
Alfalfa/Dry farming/Environmental factors/Natural drying/Drying rate/Nutritional quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
杜建民,王占军,张宇,马雪鹏,俞鸿千,李明金..黄土丘陵区旱作苜蓿田间晾晒干燥速率与营养物质变化对主要环境因素的响应[J].中国草地学报,2025,47(11):72-81,10.基金项目
宁夏回族自治区农业科技自主创新专项(NKYJ-22-01) （NKYJ-22-01）
宁夏农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范课题(NGSB-2021-15-02) （NGSB-2021-15-02）
国家牧草产业技术体系盐池综合试验站(CARS-34) （CARS-34）
