中国畜牧兽医2025，Vol.52Issue(12)：5560-5574,15.DOI:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.12.004
复方中草药饲料添加剂对猪肠道菌群和肌肉代谢的影响
Effects of Compound Chinese Herbal Medicine Feed Additives on the Intestinal Microbiota and Muscle Metabolism in Pigs
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of compound Chinese herbal medicine feed additives on the intestinal microbiota and muscle metabolism of pigs,and explore the mechanism of compound Chinese herbal feed additives on the meat quality of fattening pigs.[Method]Forty healthy 70-day-old Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire(DLY)crossbred growing-finishing pigs with an average initial body weight of 30 kg were selected,and randomly divided into two groups,with 4 replicates in each group and 5 pigs in each replicate.Pigs in control group were fed with basic feed,while in Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)group were fed with basic feed containing 0.5％compound Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder.The daily feeding amount and remaining feed amount were recorded,and the health status of pigs was monitored in real time.The experimental period was 120 d.Gut microbiota diversity was analyzed via 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing.Concurrently,untargeted metabolomics techniques were employed to screen for differential metabolites in muscle tissue.An integrated microbiota-metabolite correlation analysis was then applied to elucidate the underlying interaction mechanisms.[Result]Based on 16S rRNA sequencing analysis,a total of 18 461 operational taxonomic units(OTUs)were identified,with 5 288 OTUs unique in CHM group.The results of gut microbial community analysis revealed that compared with control group,at the phylum level,the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the intestine of pigs in GHM group was extremely significantly decreased(P＜0.01),while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was extremely significantly increased(P＜0.01),and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was 5.03.At the genus level,Streptococcus was the dominant genus between the two groups,the relative abundance of Prevotella in CHM group was extremely significantly higher than that in control group(P＜0.01).Through LDA and LEfSe analysis,a total of 36 differential bacterial communities were screened between the two groups.Compared with control group,the relative abundance of Prevotella,unclassified_Bacteroidales,Oscillospira,Phascolarctobacteria,and CF231 in the intestine of pigs in CHM group was significantly increased.Untargeted metabolomics analysis identified 48 differential metabolites between the two groups,among which 14 metabolites including alanyl-lysine,hippuric acid,and indoxyl sulfate were significantly upregulated,while 34 metabolites including linoleic acid,DL-a-hydroxybutyric acid,and eicosenoic acid were significantly downregulated.Integrated microbiome-metabolome analysis revealed that there was a strong correlation between differential bacterial genera and muscle differential metabolites.Among them,there was a positive correlation between Prevotella and hippuric acid in CHM group,and a negative correlation between Prevotella and DL-a-hydroxybutyric acid.[Conclusion]The compound Chinese herbal medicine feed additive indirectly regulated meat quality traits in finishing pigs by regulating intestinal microbiota structure and improving muscle metabolism.Prevotella and Oscillospira were identified as key specific genera influencing meat quality in pigs,while hippuric acid and DL-a-hydroxybutyric acid emerged as important specific metabolites involved in its regulation.关键词
猪/复方中草药/16S rRNA/非靶向代谢组学/肌肉代谢物/肠道菌群Key words
pigs/compound Chinese herbal medicine/16S rRNA/non-targeted metabolomics/muscle metabolites/intestinal microbiota分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
段雅丽,陈倩,杨婉露,高鹏飞,曹日亮,胡广英..复方中草药饲料添加剂对猪肠道菌群和肌肉代谢的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2025,52(12):5560-5574,15.基金项目
山西省科技战略研究专项重点项目(202304031401012) （202304031401012）
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(YDZJSX2021C024) （YDZJSX2021C024）
山西省专利转化计划项目(202406015) （202406015）
