中国畜禽种业2025，Vol.21Issue(11)：26-38,13.
牛新型育种技术及应用
New Breeding Technologies and Applications in Cattle
摘要
Abstract
Amidst global population growth and rising demand for high-quality livestock development,conventional cattle breeding techniques face bottlenecks such as long cycles and low efficiency,struggling to meet requirements for high-quality animal protein supply and sustainable resource utilization.Molecular marker-assisted selection accelerates selection of major genes by associating specific genetic markers with target traits.Genomic selection utilizes genome-wide high-density marker information for genomic estimated breeding value construction,improving genetic evaluation accuracy by 13％～30％versus conventional methods-partic ularly advantageous for low-heritability traits.Gene editing technology can target specific genes to precisely breed new varieties such as low-allergenic dairy products and high disease resistance.Stem cell-based breeding significantly shortens generation intervals through in vitro differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells into germ cells.This article examines these technologies' substantial application potential in cattle beef production trait enhancement,milk quality improvement,disease resistance fortification,and resource utilization efficiency boost.Challenges include gene editing off-target effects,ethical controversies,GS data interoperability barriers,and low stem cell differentiation efficiency.Future advances in high-fidelity editing tools,multi-omics data integration,AI algorithm optimization,and ethical regulation refinement will drive deep technology convergence.This synergy will propel cattle breeding into an intelligent,precise"Breeding 4.0"era,providing a core driver for global food security challenge response and sustainable livestock development achievement.关键词
牛/育种技术/基因编辑技术/分子标记辅助选择/基因组选择/干细胞育种Key words
Cattle/Breeding technology/Gene editing/Molecular marker-assisted breeding/Genomic selection/Stem cell-based breeding分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张宗瑞,张羽鹏,周琛帛,张宁,牛晓艳,张元庆..牛新型育种技术及应用[J].中国畜禽种业,2025,21(11):26-38,13.基金项目
山西省农业关键核心技术攻关项目(NYGG22) （NYGG22）
山西省科技重大专项计划"揭榜挂帅"项目(202201140601026) （202201140601026）
山西省基础研究计划自然科学研究青年项目(20210302124640) （20210302124640）
和顺县现代肉牛产业发展研究院(XDHZHSY2024). （XDHZHSY2024）
