摘要
Abstract
Objective:To explore the implementation outcomes of the project to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B in Huaiyin District,Huai'an City,from 2019 to 2023.Method:A retrospective review was conducted of data from 903 pregnant women and mothers infected with hepatitis B virus managed in Huaiyin District from 2019 to 2023.The rate of hepatitis B virus testing among pregnant women and mothers during this period,along with the hepatitis B immunoglobulin administration rate for their newborns,was analyzed.Additionally,the sociodemographic characteristics of hepatitis B-infected pregnant women from 2021 to 2023 and the hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin administration rates for their newborns were examined.Result:From 2019 to 2023,the hepatitis B testing rate among pregnant women reached 100%,with the infection rate among this population decreasing annually from 3.23%in 2019 to 2.19%in 2023.The antiviral treatment rate for pregnant women with high-risk hepatitis B infection and potential mother-to-child transmission increased year by year,rising from 45.5%in 2021 to 75.0%in 2023.Compared with 2019,the hepatitis B infection rate among pregnant women in Huaiyin District decreased in 2023,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).From 2021 to 2023,the difference in the distribution of age,occupation,ethnicity,marital status,and parity among pregnant women with hepatitis B infection in Huaiyin District was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The percentage of ethnic minority(and foreign)populations increased,and the percentage of primiparous women increased,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).From 2019 to 2023,the hepatitis B immunoglobulin administration rate for children born to infected pregnant women reached 100%,the first-dose hepatitis B vaccine administration rate reached 100%,and the timely vaccination rate reached 100%.Serological testing rates for children at high exposure risk increased annually,rising from 45.5%in 2021 to 100%in both 2022 and 2023.The rate of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B was 0.Conclusion:From 2019 to 2023,the comprehensive prevention and control strategy for mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B in Huaiyin District proved effective.Although antiviral treatment rates have significantly increased,gaps remain compared to national targets.Further optimization of medication adherence management and primary-level follow-up mechanisms is required.关键词
乙型肝炎病毒/母婴传播/免疫接种/乙型肝炎防治Key words
Hepatitis B virus/Mother-to-child transmission/Immunization/Hepatitis B prevention and control
