干旱地区农业研究2025，Vol.43Issue(6)：23-38,16.DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.06.03
柴达木盆地盐碱地禾谷类作物耐盐碱综合评价与筛选
Comprehensive evaluation and screening of saline-alkali tolerance of cereal crop in saline-alkali soil of Qaidam Basin
摘要
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify the saline-alkali tolerance of different cereal crop species and screen out cereal crop species with strong adaptability suitable for planting in Qaidam basin saline-alkali soil.The dynamic changes of cereal crop growth characteristics,yield traits,soil physicochemical properties,and their correlations during a complete growing season(May to September)using six cereal crops(Hordeum vulgare var.nudum(HVN),Sorghum bicolor(SB),Triticum aestivum(TA),Hordeum vulgare(HV),Triticosecale wittmack(TW),and Avena sativa(AS))were investigated by field investigation and laboratory studies.The results showed that the coverage and adult plant density of HV under saline-alkali stress were 83.25%and 68.25 plants·m-2,respectively.AS had the highest aboveground biomass(fresh weight),which was 639.90 g·m-2,significantly higher than other cereal crops(P<0.05).The aboveground biomass(dry weight)of HVN,TW,and AS were 119.00 g·m-2,126.00 g·m-2,and 139.40 g·m-2,respectively,significantly higher than other cereal crops(P<0.05).The spike number,thousand grains weight,and grain yield of HV were 7 311.15 spike·hm-2,42.28 g,and 3 152.00 kg·hm-2,respectively.TW had the highest grain number per spike,which was 4.32 grain number·spike-1,significantly higher than other cereal crops(P<0.05).The soil initial gravimetric water content,saturated water-holding capacity,capillary capacity,and field capacity of HV were 8.21%,33.12%,32.81%,and 31.22%,respectively,significantly higher than other cereal crops(P<0.05).The soil noncapillary porosity of TA and the capillary porosity of HV were the highest,at 4.53%and 46.77%,respectively.AS had the lowest soil bulk density,and HV had the lowest pH,which were 1.17g·cm-3 and 8.71.HV had the highest soil organic matter content,which was 17.49 g·kg-1.The soil available nitrogen and phosphorus content of AS were the highest,at 40.83 mg·kg-1 and 19.93 mg·kg-1,respectively,both significantly higher than other cereal crops(P<0.05).AS had the highest soil available potassium content,which was 403.98 mg·kg-1,significantly higher than HVN,SB,and TA(P<0.05).The Spearman correlation test and Mantel test showed that there is a significant relationship be-tween the growth characteristics and yield traits of cereal crops and soil variables under saline-alkali stress,and there was also a significant relationship among soil variables.Variance partitioning analysis showed that soil mois-ture,soil nutrients,and their interaction are important factors in explaining the changes of growth characteristics and yield traits of cereal crops under saline-alkali stress;the explanatory rates were 28.0%,5.8%,28.1%,and 27.2%,9.8%,10.6%,respectively.Random forest analysis further determined the main soil characteristic predic-tors of growth characteristics and yield traits of six cereal crops.Initial gravimetric water content was the most impor-tant variable for predicting the growth characteristics and yield traits of six cereal crops.The comprehensive evalua-tion results of grey relational analysis showed that HV,AS,and TW perform excellently and are suitable for popular-ization and planting in saline-alkali areas of the Qaidam Basin.关键词
禾谷类作物/耐盐碱/综合评价/灰色关联度/柴达木盆地Key words
cereal crops/saline-alkali tolerance/comprehensive evaluation/grey relational analysis/Qaidam Basin分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
DUAN Chengwei,YANG Xinguang,SUN Huafang,ZHANG Xuze,WANG Lirong,LI Ting..柴达木盆地盐碱地禾谷类作物耐盐碱综合评价与筛选[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,43(6):23-38,16.基金项目
青海省青海民族大学理工类科学研究项目(2024XJMD06) （2024XJMD06）
全球大气本底与青藏高原大数据应用中心-青海省2024年创新平台建设专项项目(2024-SF-J10) （2024-SF-J10）
2023年中央科研创新平台建设项目(30160101141) （30160101141）
