干旱地区农业研究2025，Vol.43Issue(6)：88-98,11.DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.06.09
西北绿洲灌区玉米密植生产的可持续性研究
Study on the sustainability of maize production technology by increasing density in northwest oasis irrigation area
摘要
Abstract
In response to challenges such as the unclear threshold for increasing maize planting density under nitrogen application and the sustainability of production in the Hexi Oasis irrigation area,a four-year field experi-ment(2019-2022)was conducted.The experiment included two nitrogen application levels:no nitrogen(N0)and 450 kg·hm-2(N1),along with three planting densities:low density(73 600 plants·hm-2,D1),medium density(85 900 plants·hm-2,D2),and high density(98 200 plants·hm-2,D3).The study aimed to evaluate the effects of these treatments on maize yield performance,resource utilization,economic benefits,and overall sus-tainability.The results showed that the high planting density combined with nitrogen application(N1D3)effectively enhanced both grain yield and biomass yield of maize.Compared to the low density with nitrogen(N1D1)and me-dium density with nitrogen(N1D2)treatments,the grain yield increased by 18.9%and 23.0%,respectively,and biomass yield increased by 14.6%and 6.5%,respectively.Meanwhile,the N1D3 treatment also improved water use efficiency,nitrogen use efficiency,and light use efficiency,which were enhanced by 34.2%,10.5%,and 23.1%compared to N1D1,and by 16.9%,5.1%,and 7.3%compared to N1D2,respectively.In addition,N1D3 treatment also had better performance in total output,per cubic meter water benefit,net income,and output/input ratio under the condition of keeping the total input basically unchanged,which were 21.6%,37.1%,20.9%,and 15.6%higher than N1D2 treatment.Owing to the synergistic improvement in the efficiency of multiple resource di-mensions,including light,water,and nitrogen use,the N1D3 treatment achieved a higher sustainability index,which increased by 28.9%and 14.2%compared to N1D1 and N1D2,respectively.In conclusion,under the nitro-gen application rate of 450 kg·hm-2,a planting density of 98 200 plants·hm-2 significantly enhanced maize yield as well as light,water,and nitrogen use efficiencies.This combination can be recommended as a sustainable pro-duction strategy to increase yield and resource efficiency for maize in the Hexi Oasis irrigation area.关键词
玉米/密植/资源利用效率/产量/经济效益/可持续性评价Key words
maize/dense planting/efficient utilization of resources/yield/economic benefits/sustainability e-valuation分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
QIU Hailong,CHEN Guiping,GUO Yao,LI Pan,WEI Jingui,ZHAO Lianhao,WAN Pingxing,YIN Wen..西北绿洲灌区玉米密植生产的可持续性研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,43(6):88-98,11.基金项目
甘肃省科技计划项目(25JRRA347,23JRRA704,23JRRA1407) （25JRRA347,23JRRA704,23JRRA1407）
国家自然科学基金项目(32372238,32460547) （32372238,32460547）
甘肃省高校产业支撑计划项目(2025CYZC-037) （2025CYZC-037）
兰州市青年科技人才项目(2023-QN-182,2024-QN-128) （2023-QN-182,2024-QN-128）
西北师范大学青年教师科研能力提升项目(NWNU-LKQN2023-09) （NWNU-LKQN2023-09）
甘肃省高校研究生"创新之星"项目(2025CXZX-760) （2025CXZX-760）
