贵州农业科学2025，Vol.53Issue(12)：49-59,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2025.12.007
移栽方式与施氮水平交互作用对烤烟生长及经济效益的影响
Effects of Different Transplanting Patterns with Different Nitrogen Level on Growth and Economic Benefit of Flue-cured Tobacco
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The effects of interaction between different transplanting patterns and different nitrogen application rates on growth and economic benefit of flue-cured tobacco were investigated to determine the optimal transplanting pattern and nitrogen application rate and to provide a reference for optimizing the quality balanced production technical system of flue-cured tobacco.[Method]The split-plot experimental design with main plot of three nitrogen rates(121.5 kg/hm2,135.0 kg/hm2 and 148.5 kg/hm2)and subplot of 5 transplanting patterns(conventional transplanting,well-pit transplanting,seedling transplanting under plastic film,duck-billed transplanting and nutrient block transplanting)was used to study the effects of interaction between different transplanting pattern and different nitrogen application rate on seedling survival rate,agronomic traits,leaf surface thermal image,disease index,appearance quality and economic benefits of Yunyan 87,a major flue-cured tobacco variety.[Result]There were differences in growing development,yield and quality of Yunyan 87 among different treatments under the interaction between transplanting patterns and nitrogen application rates.The seedling survival rate and field growth period of flue-cured tobacco under the duck-billed transplanting pattern with 121.5 kg/hm2 nitrogen application rate were 100.00%and 117 d,and its performance in agronomic traits was better.The duck-billed transplanting pattern with 121.5 kg/hm2 nitrogen application rate had a certain alleviation effect on growth of flue-cured tobacco seedlings under high temperature stress.The disease incidence and indexes of mosaic virus,brown spot and black shank under the duck-billed transplanting pattern with 121.5 kg/hm2 nitrogen application rate were 1.12%and 0.80,29.00%and 5.56,and 6.67%and 8.89 respectively.Total score in appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves with orange-yellow color,maturity,moderately loose structure,medium thickness,reasonable oil content and medium chromaticity reached 7.36.The yield,average price,output value,first-class tobacco ratio and cost input of Yunyan 87 under the duck-billed transplanting pattern with 121.5 kg/hm2 nitrogen application rate were 2 246.75 kg/hm2,27.25 Yuan/kg,61 221.02 Yuan/hm2,64.66%and 5 488.75 Yuan/hm2 respectively.[Conclusion]The duck-billed transplanting pattern with 121.5 kg/hm2 nitrogen application rate can promote growing development of flue-cured tobacco plants,improve comprehensive quality of cured tobacco leaves and increase its economic benefits.The duck-billed transplanting pattern with 121.5 kg/hm2 nitrogen application rate with the good adaptability and application effects in Zhenyuan tobacco-growing region,Southeast Guizhou Prefecture,should be used as the optimized technology for popularization and application in tobacco production.关键词
烤烟/鸭嘴式移栽/低氮水平/农艺性状/外观质量/经济效益Key words
flue-cured tobacco/duck-billed transplanting/low nitrogen level/agronomic trait/appearance quality/economic benefit分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
QIU Kun,WU Fang,CHEN Jing,LI Dong,HAN Dan,WEI Yaoyuan,SHAO Huifang,YANG Rusong,LIU Qiang..移栽方式与施氮水平交互作用对烤烟生长及经济效益的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2025,53(12):49-59,11.基金项目
贵州省烟草公司黔东南州公司科技项目"基于移栽方式的黔东南州烟叶提质增效技术研究及应用"(2022522600200046) （2022522600200046）
中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目"黔东南烟区土壤板结消减关键技术研究及应用"(2023XM13) （2023XM13）
