贵州农业科学2025，Vol.53Issue(12)：82-98,17.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2025.12.010
滇北金沙江干热河谷蚂蚁物种的分布格局
Distribution Pattern of Ant Species in Jinsha River Dry-hot Valley of Northern Yunnan
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The ant species,distribution pattern and influencing factors were investigated in Jinsha River dry-hot valley of Northern Yunnan to provide the scientific basis for biodiversity protection.[Method]The horizontal and vertical distribution,habitat,feeding and nesting site of ant species from Huaping,Renhe,Yongren,Yuanmou,Luquan and Dongchuan vertical belts in Jinsha River dry-hot valley of Northern Yunnan were surveyed by the sample plot and capture frequency methods.[Result]There were 144 species belonging to 44 genera and 7 sub-Formicidae in Jinsha River dry-hot valley of Northern Yunnan.The ant species richness of 6 vertical belts was Renhe(95 species)＞Yongren(74 species)＞Dongchuan(68 species)＞Luquan(50 species)＞Huaping(45 species)＞Yuanmou(28 species).The ant species richness with different ecological adaptive range was narrow(73 species)＞relatively narrow(43 species)＞medium(17 species)＞relatively wider(11 species).The ant species richness inhabited in 10 vegetation types was mixed coniferous broad-leaved forest(100 species)＞warm conifer forest(75 species)＞monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest(59 species)＞shrubbery in dry-hot valley(53 species)＞dry artificial forest(36 species)＞dry broadleaved deciduous forest(15 species)＞subalpine evergreen broadleaf forest(6 species)＞Rhododendronshrub(4 species)＞Abiesforest(2 species)＞moss evergreen broadleaf forest(1 species).There was the maximum ant species in mixed coniferous broad-leaved forest and warm conifer forest,and minimum ant species in Abies forest and moss evergreen broadleaf forest.Most ant species nested in soil and foraged the earth surface.[Conclusion]The ant species diversity in Jinsha River dry-hot valley of Northern Yunnan is related to geographic location with lower latitude and greater vertical elevation difference.The distribution of ant species in Northern Yunnan shows the highest richness in the intermediate altitude area,second highest richness in the low altitude area and lowest richness in the high altitude area under the dry-hot valley climatic background.The low richness of ant species in the low altitude area is related to large evaporation of water vapor and excessive low humidity at the dry-hot valley bottom.The reduction of ant species richness in the high altitude area is related to lower temperature.The highest richness of ant species in the intermediate altitude area is related to its suitable temperature and humidity.The ant species inhabited in high,intermediate and low altitude have been adapted cold and damp,warm and wet,and hot and dry climatic environment respectively and have their different ecological function and protection value.关键词
干热河谷/蚂蚁/水平分布/垂直分布/生境/觅食场所/筑巢场所/金沙江Key words
dry-hot valley/ant/horizontal distribution/vertical distribution/habitat/foraging site/nesting site/Jinsha River分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
LENG Xueyan,ZHU Huiqin,XU Zhenghui,CUI Wenxia,YANG Wentao,CHEN Xin,PU Shunrong..滇北金沙江干热河谷蚂蚁物种的分布格局[J].贵州农业科学,2025,53(12):82-98,17.基金项目
国家自然科学基金委员会应急管理项目子课题(31750002) （31750002）
国家自然科学基金项目(31860615) （31860615）
