航空学报2025，Vol.46Issue(23)：19-43,25.DOI:10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32022
无人机集群的干扰管理:机理、技术与挑战
Interference management for UAV swarms:Fundamental mechanisms,techniques,and challenges
摘要
Abstract
With the rapid integration of low-altitude economy into national strategic emerging industries development plans,Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)swarms,leveraging the advantages of distributed collaboration,have emerged as a pivotal technological paradigm to overcome the sensing limitations and computational bottlenecks of single-UAV systems.Operating in autonomous or semi-autonomous modes,UAV swarms achieve enhanced mission performance through dynamic networking,data sharing,and task coordination.These advancements have unlocked unprecedented efficiency in applications such as large-scale remote sensing monitoring,urban logistics delivery,and disaster-induced 3D reconstruction,surpassing the operational limits of individual UAV systems.However,with the large-scale deployment of UAVs,the interference effects faced by UAV swarms have become increasingly complex.These include not only the expansion of electromagnetic interference due to spectrum overlap and dense communica-tion links,but also the spatiotemporal inconsistency of heterogeneous sensing data caused by sensor diversity and transmission latency,as well as the reduced adaptability of UAV swarms to dynamic environments influenced by weather and terrain variations.These interference factors interact and accumulate across the communication,sens-ing,and control functions of UAVs,forming complex interference effects that undermine the robustness of UAV swarm task execution and hinder their application in high-reliability scenarios.Robustness requirements for UAV clusters un-der complex interference,we systematically analyze interference from communication,sensing,and environmental factors,and proposes targeted interference management mechanisms across the communication,sensing,and con-trol layers of UAV swarms.We consolidate a technology framework encompassing both individual UAV and swarm-level collaborative anti-interference strategies,critically evaluate the state-of-the-art approaches,and identify their limi-tations.Furthermore,we highlight unresolved challenges and propose future research directions,to provide theoreti-cal foundations and technical guidelines for building highly reliable UAV swarm systems.关键词
无人机集群/干扰管理/多源数据融合/通信导航感知一体化/无人机协同Key words
UAV swarm/interference management/multi-source data fusion/integration of communication,navi-gation and remote sensing/UAV collaboration分类
航空航天引用本文复制引用
ZHAO Liangjin,TONG Haonan,YUAN Ziyang,LI Yundu,ZHANG Xiaodian,CHENG Peirui..无人机集群的干扰管理:机理、技术与挑战[J].航空学报,2025,46(23):19-43,25.基金项目
国家自然科学基金重点项目(62331027) National Natural Science Foundation of China(62331027) （62331027）
