农业现代化研究2025，Vol.46Issue(5)：904-915,12.DOI:10.13872/j.1000-0275.2025.0889
涉农企业科技创新关键要素投入的梯度优化研究
Gradient optimization of key innovation factor inputs in agribusinesses
摘要
Abstract
Under the background of scarce scientific and technological innovation factors,promoting more agribusinesses to optimize their factor inputs toward higher efficiency is a key issue in accelerating the modernization of agricultural science and technology.This study identifies the innovation factor that contributes most to reducing factor misallocation as the"key factor"and classifies listed agribusinesses based on the number and type of their key factors.Accordingly,a gradient optimization strategy that prioritizes key factors is proposed for different categories of enterprises.Methodologically,this paper improves the traditional Hsieh&Klenow(HK)model by incorporating the characteristics of agricultural innovation cycles,making it better suited to the long-term nature and heterogeneity of agribusinesses,and uses it to measure factor misallocation.Furthermore,a super-efficiency SBM(SBM-VAR-SDEA)model that accounts for undesirable outputs and allows for variable returns to scale is constructed to evaluate the efficiency of technological innovation and the slack in input-output combinations.The results show that adjusting the structure of innovation factor inputs has a positive effect on most agribusinesses.In the optimization process,key factors should be prioritized and adjusted to their optimal input levels,while non-key factors should be adjusted proportionally based on their original structure.This strategy applies to both single and multiple key factor scenarios.The optimization results indicate that key factor inputs are effectively compressed,while non-key inputs and undesirable outputs do not increase,thus improving overall input efficiency.The gradient optimization method proposed in this study provides both theoretical support and practical pathways for enhancing the efficiency of innovation factor utilization in agribusinesses and offers important policy implications for advancing the modernization of agricultural science and technology in China.关键词
涉农企业/农业科技创新/要素错配/关键要素投入/梯度优化Key words
agribusiness/agricultural technological innovation/factor misallocation/key factor input/gradient optimization分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
GUO Xiangyu,LU Yizhe,ZHANG Xiangwei,WANG Dan..涉农企业科技创新关键要素投入的梯度优化研究[J].农业现代化研究,2025,46(5):904-915,12.基金项目
国家社会科学基金重点项目(23AJY016).Supported by the Major Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China(23AJY016). （23AJY016）
