中国土壤与肥料Issue(11)：90-98,9.DOI:10.11838/sfsc.1673-6257.25104
磷肥用量对河南主产区大蒜产量、品质和养分吸收的影响
Effects of phosphorus application rates on yield,quality and nutrients absorption of garlic in Henan province
摘要
Abstract
The investigated the effects of different phosphorus application levels on the agronomic traits,dry matter accumulation,yield and quality of garlic,aiming to provide theoretical support for the efficient and scientific application of phosphorus fertilizers in garlic cultivation.A field experiment on phosphorus fertilizer application rates was conducted in Qi county,a major garlic-producing area in Henan province,during 2023-2024.The tested variety was"Jinan Daqingke"with five phosphorus application treatments of P2O5 at 0,75,150,225 and 300 kg/hm2.Garlic bulb yield and quality were measured at maturity,while plant height,stem diameter,number of green leaves and dry matter weight were measured at the critical periods(including overwintering,maternal separation,bud differentiation,bulb bolting stage).The results indicated that appropriate phosphorus application significantly increased garlic plant height,stem diameter and the number of green leaves.Garlic yield at both sites followed a"quadratic equation"trend with increasing phosphorus application,with the optimal phosphorus application rate being 232.4 kg/hm2.Application of phosphorus increased the average garlic sprout yield by 15.5%and bulb yield by 20.3%at both experiment sites.At maturity,garlic bulb diameter,Vc,soluble sugar,soluble protein and allicin content initially increased and then slightly decreased with the increased phosphorus fertilizer;while nitrate content in garlic bulbs continuously decreased.Compared to no phosphorus treatment,the application of phosphorus increased soluble sugar content by 38.3%-89.6%,soluble protein content by 16.7%-46.8%,Vc content by 22.8%-137.9%and allicin content by 14.6%-51.7%,respectively,in garlic bulbs.Phosphorus use efficiency and partial factor productivity gradually decreased with increasing phosphorus application,while the partial factor productivity of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers initially increased and then decreased.Appropriate phosphorus application significantly increased garlic yield by 24.8%-35.4%,improved appearance and nutritional quality,promoted nitrogen and potassium accumulation and utilization,and significantly enhanced economic benefits by 31.5%-49.8%.Excessive phosphorus fertilizer application,however,led to a 6.5%-9.0%reduction in garlic bulb yield and an 8.2%-11.4%decrease in economic benefits.This study could provide guidance for garlic growers in Henan Province to apply phosphorus fertilizers rationally and offer data support for the production of specialized garlic fertilizers by agricultural input manufacturers.关键词
磷肥/大蒜/农艺性状/外观品质/营养品质Key words
phosphorus fertilizer/garlic/agronomic traits/appearance quality/nutritional quality引用本文复制引用
XIN Juan,WANG Jun,CUI Yuan-dong,WANG Yang..磷肥用量对河南主产区大蒜产量、品质和养分吸收的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2025,(11):90-98,9.基金项目
郑州师范学院博士科研启动专项经费(NO.2018-702355). （NO.2018-702355）
