中国水产科学2025，Vol.32Issue(10)：1467-1477,11.DOI:10.12264/JFSC2025-0086
渤海湾中国毛虾种群资源状态评估
Assessment of Acetes chinensis stock status in Bohai Bay
摘要
Abstract
Acetes chinensis exhibits a broad distribution in the coastal waters of China.This species is characterized by its high fecundity and rapid growth,making it a vital fishery resource in the Bohai Sea and an essential component of the local marine economy.However,its catch yield has exhibited fluctuating declines in recent years,influenced by climate change and intensive fishing pressure.As a key primary consumer and prey species in coastal ecosystems,the population dynamics of A.chinensis substantially influence material cycles and energy flows within ecosystems.Although existing studies have primarily focused on habitat shifts,migratory patterns,and resource abundance of A.chinensis,comprehensive stock assessments of this species remain limited.Given its ecological and socioeconomic significance,targeted investigations into its population status and sustainable management strategies are urgently required.In this study,we analyzed length-weight relationships and estimated growth and mortality parameters based on summer stow-net surveys conducted from 2021 to 2024 in Bohai Bay.We synthesized the individual growth patterns of A.chinensis across Liaodong,Bohai,Laizhou,and Haizhou Bays to identify key biological characteristics of the Bohai Bay population.Models for yield per recruitment and biomass per recruitment were built to assess biological reference points and stock exploitation status.The results showed that the length-weight relationships of A.chinensis from 2021 to 2024 were W=4.0×10-5L2.51,W=4.8×10-5L2.57,W=4.5×10-5L2.55,and W=3.8×10-5L2.52,respectively.The ELEFAN method estimated the asymptotic length(L∞)as 58.90,57.61,and 58.84 mm from 2021 to 2023,with growth rates(K)at 1.26,1.76,and 1.60,respectively.The total mortality rates derived from the length-transformed catch curve were 2.83,2.06,and 2.56;the natural mortality rates were 1.53,1.23,and 1.25;and the fishing mortality rates(F)were 1.30,0.83,and 1.31.The fishing pressure of A.chinensis exhibited a declining trend.The exploitation rates were 0.45,0.40,and 0.51,indicating that A.chinensis stocks have not reached their optimal exploitation status.Under optimal exploitation conditions,the yield per recruit would peak at 0.22,0.36,and 0.39,respectively.The optimum capture lengths(Lcopt)were 37.30,32.76,and 33.25 mm,respectively.The current minimum capture length(Lc)for certain A.chinensis individuals was consistently below Lcopt,indicating the capture of immature individuals and consequent negative impacts on stock productivity.In conclusion,A.chinensis experienced no overexploitation,as the F were lower than the biological reference points(F0.1)from 2021 to 2023.The biological dynamics of A.chinensis were shaped by the combined effects of individual growth and environmental fluctuations.The spatio-temporal heterogeneity in A.chinensis growth and mortality rates across the examined bays was mechanistically associated with latitudinal gradients and environmental drivers,particularly sea surface temperature,salinity regimes,and Chl-a availability.To ensure ecological sustainability and optimize resource utilization,we advocate for enhanced regulations on fishing effort and an increased minimum capture size for A.chinensis.关键词
渤海湾/中国毛虾/生物学参数/单位补充量模型/资源评估Key words
Bohai Bay/Acetes chinensis/biological parameters/per recruitment model/stock assessment分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
SONG Zhaoyu,LI Min,YANG Yaoyao,LIU Yiwen,LI Ran,REN Zhonghua,LV Zhenbo..渤海湾中国毛虾种群资源状态评估[J].中国水产科学,2025,32(10):1467-1477,11.基金项目
烟台市科技创新发展计划基础研究类项目(2024JCYJ106). （2024JCYJ106）
