摘要
Abstract
The current production status of summer maize was systematically reviewed in Xiaoxian,Anhui Province,and its high yield cultivation techniques were summarized.In the study area,the planting area of summer maize has been continuously expanding with steadily increasing yields,highlighting the need to focus on key aspects such as variety selection,sowing quality,soil quality,fertilizer and water management,and mitigation of abiotic stress.Based on these considerations,an integrated green cultivation technology for enhancing yield and efficiency has been developed,which includes:selecting certified varieties tolerant to dense planting,resistant to lodging and major diseases,and suitable for mechanical grain harvesting;promoting precision sowing through uniform crushing and incorporation of previous crop straw,implementing stubble-based precision direct seeding technology centered on"optimal timing,appropriate seeding rate,suitable soil moisture,and adequate sowing depth",complemented by trenching for waterlogging prevention;adopting a green pest control strategy with a"seal first,kill later"approach to weed management,combining scientific pesticide application based on pest monitoring,and promoting"one-spray,multiple-promotion"technology in later stages to preserve leaves and increase grain weight;implementing precision water and fertilizer management by determining fertilizer application rates according to soil fertility and target yield,emphasizing split deep application of nitrogen fertilizer,advocating integrated water-fertilizer technology to regulate fertilizer via water,and applying chemical growth regulators as needed based on seedling conditions;practicing timely late harvesting by selecting ear or grain harvesting methods based on grain moisture content after maize reaches full maturity,supported by drying technology.The demonstration and application of this technical system provide a reference for achieving high yield,high efficiency,and ecological sustainability in summer maize production.关键词
夏玉米/生产现状/增产增效/栽培技术Key words
summer maize/production status/yield and efficiency increase/cultivation technique分类
农业科技
